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高考英语语法考点教案,高考英语语法考点

tamoadmin 2024-07-11 人已围观

简介1.高考英语语法填空必背知识2.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-简单句、并列句和复合句3.高考英语13个语法考点4.高考英语语法: 英语分词的逻辑主语5.英语语法:高考英语定语从句的主要考6.高考英语语法题目类型和分布重点7.高考新概念英语语法全解之形容词和副词 #英语资源# 导语在我们高中英语日常学习当中,有很多的知识点都是易考易错的点,就像一直过不去的坎,网考为大家总结了在我们的大小考试当中都会

1.高考英语语法填空必背知识

2.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-简单句、并列句和复合句

3.高考英语13个语法考点

4.高考英语语法: 英语分词的逻辑主语

5.英语语法:高考英语定语从句的主要考

6.高考英语语法题目类型和分布重点

7.高考新概念英语语法全解之形容词和副词

高考英语语法考点教案,高考英语语法考点

#英语资源# 导语在我们高中英语日常学习当中,有很多的知识点都是易考易错的点,就像一直过不去的坎,网考为大家总结了在我们的大小考试当中都会出现的知识点,希望能减少大家的失误。快来看看吧!希望能帮助到你~更多相关讯息请关注 无 !

易错点1 名词的单复数形式的误判

典例—What do you think the should do first?

—They should learn to take as well as share rights in life.

A. grown-up; responsibility B. growns-up; responsibility

C. grown-ups; responsibilities D. growns-ups; responsibilities

错因分析:有些学生以为grown是复合名词的中心词,其复数形式应该在grown后面加-s;另一方面认为responsibility是不可数名词,没有复数形式,从而错选B.其实,grown-up没有中心名词,其复数形式应该在up后面加-s;同时根据语境可知,responsibility指义务,该单词作“义务,职责”讲时,可作可数名词或不可数名词,故正确答案选C.

复合名词的复数形式一般在中心名词后面加-s,如:looker-on → lookers-on, son-in-law → sons-in-law;但是当复合名词没有中心名词时,其复数形式是在最后的词后面加-s,如:grown-up → grown-ups; go-between → go-betweens.

易错点2 名词的格的误用

典例—Look! This is .

—Very beautiful. When did she take it?

A. my mother‘s pictureB. my mother in the picture

C. a picture of my motherD. a picture of my mother‘s

错因分析:考生可能受汉语思维的影响,错选A或B;也可能受英语双重所有格的影响,错选D.根据语境可知,正确答案选C.

my mother‘s picture,意为“我妈妈所拥有的照片”,暗含“照片上不一定是我妈妈”; a picture of my mother‘s意为“我妈妈所拥有的照片中的一张”,同样,暗含“照片上不一定是我妈妈”; a picture of my mother意为“我妈妈的照片(照片中是妈妈)”;my mother in the picture意为“照片中我的妈妈”,暗含“不是真实的妈妈”。

易错点3 名词作定语的误用

典例—Where does your sister work, Jack?

—She works in a .

A. shop of clothB. cloth‘s shopC. shop with clothesD. clothes shop

错因分析:有些考生会因为对名词作定语的用法运用不当而错选B.其实,clothes“服装”只有复数形式,而单数形式“布店”应用shop for cloth或cloth shop,因此,根据语境可知,正确答案选D.

名词作定语时一般用其单数形式,然而,名词parents, clothes, sports等,作定语时必须要使用其复数形式。另外,man, woman作定语时,如果中心词是单数,则用其单数形式;如果中心词是复数,则用其复数形式。

易错点4 对不可数名词的应用判断失误

典例—I find it very difficult to read novel you lent me last week.

—Yes. It‘s necessary to have good knowledge of history.

A. the;不填 B. a;不填 C. the; a D. a; a

错因分析:考生可能以为第一空是特指对方上周所借给“我”的小说,故应填定冠词;第二空后面是抽象名词,为不可数名词,不填冠词,于是错选A.然而,此处knowledge之前须用不定冠词,have a good knowledge of意为“对……很了解”,是固定搭配,故正确答案选C.

英语中,有些抽象名词,如knowledge, history, failure, success, help, pleasure, surprise, honour等表示抽象概念时,其前面不用不定冠词,如:with pleasure, in surprise等。但是,当表示具体的概念时,其前面须用不定冠词,也可以用其复数形式。

易错点5 对专有名词的应用判断失误

典例—Do you know Li Ming?

—Li Ming? Which one? I know Li Ming in our class very well. He is Lei Feng of our times.

A. 不填;不填 B. a; aC. a; theD. the; the

错因分析:有些考生可能以为两个空后面的名词都是人名,前面不用冠词,于是错选A.然而,联系语境可知,答话者至少认识两个李明,而特指他班上的那个李明时前面须用定冠词;后一空的Lei Feng由of our times修饰,说明是我们时代的特征,须用定冠词,故正确答案选D.

人名前面加定冠词,指特定的某个人或某个人的主要特征。地名前面一般不用定冠词,但是当指特定某时期的地方或某地的主要特征时,须用定冠词。如:China → the China (of) today; America → the America of last century; the New York of China等。表姓氏的复数名词前面用定冠词表示夫妇两人或全家人,如:the Greens.

易错点6 定冠词与不定冠词判断失误

典例—When did you meet her last?

—I don‘t remember exactly, but I‘m sure it was Friday when I went to the shop to buy football.

A. a; aB. 不填;aC. the;不填 D. 不填;不填

错因分析:有些考生可能认为这两个空后面的名词前都不用冠词,从而错选D.其实,指一个特定的星期几时前面须用不定冠词;表示一个足球时,前面也须用不定冠词,故正确答案选A.

表星期几的名词前面一般不用冠词,但是当指某一个特定的星期几时,前面要加不定冠词。球类活动中,表球类的名词前不用冠词;音乐活动中,表乐器名称的名词前须用定冠词。但是,当它们不指活动,而是指具体的某件东西时,须用适当的冠词。

易错点7 冠词与零冠词应用判断失误

典例—What do you think is the difference between man and woman?

—I don‘t think there‘s any difference.

A. the; theB. a; aC. 不填;不填 D. a; the

错因分析:有些考生可能认为,表示类别时,名词前面须用不定冠词或定冠词,于是错选A或B.其实,man, woman, mankind的单数表示类别时,用零冠词。因此,正确答案选 C.

除了上述情况用零冠词外,下列几种情况也须用零冠词:表示家人(包括保姆、厨师、家庭教师在内)的名词前,但该类名词的首字母往往大写;表示种类的短语kind of, sort of, type of等后面的名词之前;在as/though引导的倒装让步状语从句中,放在句首的名词前;用by表示交通方式的短语中等。

易错点8 受思维定式的制约

典例—Remember that where and when two different English question words.

—I see, but can you tell us how to use them, sir?

A. beB. isC. areD. being

错因分析:有些考生没有弄清题意,就想当然地认为用where and when提问时,谓语动词用单数形式,于是错选B.其实,这里是指where和when这两个特殊疑问词,故正确答案选 C.

考生应该从思维定式中走出来,不要被一些假象所迷惑,而应该从实际语境出发,对题目进行仔细的考虑。

易错点9 典型数词的误用

典例It is not rare in that people in fifties are going to university for further education.

A. 90s;theB. the 90s;/C. 90s;theirD. the 90s;their

错因分析:考生很可能错选B或C.“世纪”和“年代”均为特指概念,故第一个空要用定冠词the,表示特指,如:in the 1980s/1980‘s(在20世纪80年代),in the 90s/90‘s(在90年代),选项A和C首先被排除;又因为“in one‘s+整十的基数词的复数形式”为一个固定的结构,意为“在某人几十多岁时”,故 D为本题的正确答案。

考生要注意当表示“几十多岁”时,要用整十的基数词的复数形式来表示。

易错点10 it 用作形式主语及形式宾语时判断失误

典例I would appreciate if you could come and help me with my work.

A. thatB. itC. thisD. one

错因分析:很多考生认为this或that可以指代上文或下文所出现的内容,于是误选A或C.其实,用于指代后面整个句子的内容且作形式宾语时,只能用it,于是正确答案选 B.

在英语中,有些动词,如:appreciate, hate, like, dislike, make, put等后面不能直接跟从句,而要用it作形式宾语。

易错点11 it, one, that, those, ones等的用法区别

典例—Would you like to buy a car here?

—Yes, but I‘d like to buy made in Shanghai.

A. oneB. thatC. itD. this

错因分析:许多考生认为此处应该用it或that指代说话双方所说的车,于是误选B或C.根据语境可知,上海制造了许多小汽车,答话者只想买其中的一辆,故正确答案选 A.

指代上文提到的名词时,it指代上文提到的那个东西,即同类同物;that指代抽象的事物或上文提到的同类事物的另一件东西,可替代可数名词,也可替代不可数名词,表示特指;而one指代上文提及事物中的其中一件,只能替代可数名词,表示泛指

易错点12 the other(s), other(s), another, the rest等的用法区别

典例I have done much of the work. Could you please finish in two days?

A. the restB. the otherC. anotherD. the others

错因分析:本题考生易误选D项。其实本题是对the rest用法的考查。选项B、C均修饰可数名词,选项D相当于“the other+可数名词复数”结构,这三个选项用在本题中都不合适。the rest指代名词时,既可以指代可数名词复数,也可以指代不可数名词。在本题中,the rest指代不可数名词,相当于the rest of the work,故选项 A为本题的正确答案。

当the rest作主语时,谓语动词单复数的使用要由the rest所指代的内容来决定。

易错点13 either, both, neither, all, none等的用法易错点

典例2His father has bought many books home, but is easy enough for him to read.

A. noneB. no oneC. every oneD. some one

错因分析:许多考生会根据but一词推测后面表否定意义,但是又考虑到空格后面没有介词of,于是误选B.根据语境可知,空格后面省略了of the books,因此正确答案选 A.

no one与none的用法:

(1)no one相当于nobody,只能指人。

(2)none常与of短语连用,既可以指人,又可以指物。

(3)none通常用于“how many/much...”的否定回答,而no one则常用于“who...”的否定回答。

易错点14 else用法的误区

典例I don‘t think we‘ve met before. You‘re taking me for .

A. some otherB. someone elseC. other personD. one other

错因分析:有些考生不知道else的用法,以致误选A、C或D项。其实本题是对else的用法的考查。else既可以用作形容词,也可以用作副词,意为“其他的/地”,通常位于疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词的后面。someone else意为“别人”,用在这里正合适。 B项为正确答案。

考生还应知道who else的所有格形式为who else’s或whose else,如:

Whose else/Who else’s can it be?那可能会是谁的呢?

易错点15 多个形容词作定语时的排序问题

典例This girl is Linda‘s cousin.

A.pretty little SpanishB.Spanish little pretty

C.Spanish pretty littleD.little pretty Spanish

错因分析:考生易错选D项。原因是对此类题的排序把握不清。本题是对多个形容词作定语时排序问题的考查。pretty为主观描绘性的形容词,little为表示大小的形容词,Spanish为表示国籍的形容词,根据英语语法知识可知,选项 A为本题的正确答案。

在高考英语中,多个形容词作名词的定语时的排序问题是常考问题。形容词的排序规则如下:

主观描绘性质、特征的形容词(如pretty))——描写尺寸大小的形容词(如little)——描写形状的形容词(如round)——描写年龄的形容词(如young)——描写颜色的形容词(如green)——描写国籍、地区、出处的形容词(如Spanish)——描写制造材料的形容词(如wooden)——描写用途的名词、动名词或形容词(如a waiting room中的waiting)。

多个形容词作定语时,形容词之间通常不用加and;但是,当这些形容词为表示同一方面的形容词(如颜色等)时,这些形容词之间通常要加and,例如:a black and white cat(一只黑白相间的猫)。

易错点16 形容词和副词的比较等级易错点

典例Of the two sisters, Betty is one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.

A.a youngerB.a youngestC.the youngerD.the youngest

错因分析:由题目中的two可知,横线处应为比较级结构,故选项B和D首先被排除。根据题意可知,横线处应为特指概念,故选项 C为本题的正确答案。

在英语中,两者之间的比较应用比较级结构。句中有表示范围的of the two...时,该比较级前通常要加上the,表示特指的概念,如:

He is taller than you. 他比你高。

He is the taller one of the two. 他是两个人中较高的那个。

易错点17 同级比较的用法易错点

典例Nowadays the roles of husband and wife are not as defined as before, especially when both partners work and earn money for the family.

A.clearB.clearerC.clearlyD.more clearly

错因分析:考生易分辨不清词性而误选A项。根据语法知识可知,as... as... 为同级比较结构,as与as之间要用形容词或副词的原级,故选项B和D首先被排除;又由于此处defined作动词,它要用副词来修饰,故选项 C为本题的正确答案。

在高考英语中,同级比较问题是一个常考点。其结构为:“so/as+adj./adv.(原级)+as...”,其中的so... as... 结构只能用于否定结构中;而as... as... 结构既可以用于肯定结构中,又可以用于否定结构中,如:

She isn‘t as/so nice as her sister. 她不像她姐姐那么好。

易错点18 形容词和副词的一些固定用法的误用

典例—Have you been to New Zealand?

—No. I‘d like to.

A.tooB.thoughC.yetD.either

错因分析:分析句意可知,横线处应填一个表示转折关系的词,选项A和D首先被排除;yet表示转折关系时,后应接一个从句,故选 B项。

though用作连词时,意为“虽然”,引导让步状语从句,通常可以与连词although互换,如:

Though/Although they are poor, they are generous.尽管他们很穷,但他们很慷慨。

另外,though还可以用作副词,意为“然而”或“但是”,表示转折关系。它位于句尾时,其前通常要有一个逗号;当它位于句中时,其前后通常各用一个逗号,它的这种用法与副词however一样。要注意,although是没有这种用法的。

易错点19 几个情态动词的特殊用法易错点

典例Don‘t play with the dog, Jack, for it be dangerous at times.

A. shallB. shouldC. canD. must

错因分析:很多考生认为玩狗将很危险或者肯定很危险,从而误选A或D.其实,shall用于第二、三人称表示“允许,命令,警告,威胁”等;should表示“应该”;must表示“必须,一定”等;而can除了表示“能,能够”外,还可表示“(有时)会,可能会”等。根据语境及情态动词的意义比较可知,正确答案选 C.

情态动词can在高考英语中的出现率很高,它的其他常考点。如:

can可以表示能力,表示客观的可能性,表示请示和允许,表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。主要用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。用于肯定句中表推测时,指理论上的可能性,并不涉及是否真的发生。

易错点20 动词的一般过去时与现在完成时误用

典例— you read the story?

—Yes. I it at school.

A. Have; readB. Did; readC. Have; have readD. Did; have read

错因分析:有些考生认为,两个人说话时,所用的时态应该是一致的,于是误选B或C.其实,问话者指的是结果,而答话者虽然强调的是地点,但是地点暗示动作发生在过去,于是正确答案选 A.

动词时态的运用不仅要从时间状语上进行确定,而且还要从地点状语所暗示的时间关系上来推敲。如:

(1)表示过去时间的词或短语:yesterday, last night, last week, this morning, in 2006等。

(2)表示动作发生的地点:at home/school, in the factory, on one‘s way to等。

高考英语语法填空必背知识

英语作为我们的第二门语言,在高考会怎么考核考生呢?有哪些英语知识点,下面是我为大家整理的关于江苏高考英语知识点,希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!

江苏高考英语知识点

S+V(是系动词)+ P

1. This   │is     │an English-Chinese dictionary.

2. The dinner │smells   │good.

3. He    │fell    │in love.

4. Everything │looks    │different.

5. He    │is growing │tall and strong.

6. The trouble │is     │that they are short of money.

7. Our well │has gone  │dry.

8. His face │turned   │red.

附:

联系动词(Link Verb)本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:

He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)

He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。

1)状态系动词

用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:

He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)

2)持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:

He always kept silent at meeting.  他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery.  此事仍是一个谜。

3)表像系动词

用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:

He looks tired.  他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad.  他看起来很伤心。

4)感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:

This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。

5)变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.

He became mad after that.  自那之后,他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time.  她没多长时间就富了。

6)终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如:

The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)

高考 英语 作文 必考考点

1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy

2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard

3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology

4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges

5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…

6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development

7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…

9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate

10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue

11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument

12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…

高中英语易错点归纳

1.在你离开之前,有些事应该要告诉你。(ought to;there be)

学生错例:

1)Before you leave, there are somethings I ought to tell you.(受中文“些”字意思影 响,误把单数的something 当somethings)

2)Before you leave,there are some things ought to tell you.

(误用something; 句子 成分残缺,从句漏了主语 I)

3)There are something that ought to tell you before you leave.

4)There is something ought to tell you before you leaving.(受中文“在”影响,误用了“leaving”)

2.我很难把学习和兴趣结合起来。(combine...with...)

学生错例:

1)I'm difficult to combine study with interest.(典型的中文翻译思维,与地道的英语表达有较大差别)

2) I hardly combining study with interest.(中式英语)

3)It's hardly that combine study with interest.(乱套句型)

4)I hardly combine study with interest.(照字翻译)

高考英语语法考点一

1. 语态和时态

—Do you see those people on the little sandy island?

—Yes, they _______ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. I wonder why.

A. were waving B. waved C. had waved D. have been waving

正确答案D

高考考点考查动词时态。现在完成进行时:表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作,一直延续到说话时还在进行或刚结束,句中常出现用for, since, how long等引导的时间状语。e.g. His telephone has been ringing for a long time.e.g. It has been raining since last Sunday. e.g. How long have you been wearing glasses?

题干句意“你有没有看见那些在小岛上的人?”“是的,我看见了。他们在过去的半小时里一直在挥手帕,我不知道为什么。”

详细解析这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的,然后一直在挥,一直挥到了说话的这个时候,所以我们用的是一个现在完成进行时,强调一个动作的持续。我们再来看一下其他几个时态:

A选项是were waving——过去进行时,它指的是:①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;B. waved——过去时,过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作,所以我们知道A和B这两个时态都是和过去有关,而和现在是没有一点关系的,所以A和B这两个答案错了。

C. had waved——过去完成时:过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态,那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去,例如:e.g. By the end of last year, we had built 5 new schools.到去年年底为止,我们已经建造了5所学校。首先,过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前,所以我们用过去完成时——had build.和现在是更加没有联系了,所以这个答案也是不正确的。

题干中的时间状语是“for the last half hour”,注意这个last不是指“最后的”,而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”,那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last half hour、recent这种词的话,我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时,因为它指的是“刚才”,那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是D.

高考英语语法考点二

名词性从句

The information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.

A. those B. who C. whoever D. anyone

正确答案C

高考考点考查名词性从句,顾名思义就是名词,它可充当主语、表语、宾语和同位语,所以相应的名词性从句也分为有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。此题考的就是介词to后的宾语从句。

题干句意“这个消息可能会对任何将接管这个工作的人有所帮助。”whoever = anyone who“任何怎么怎么样的人”所以这个答案是正确的。我们再来看其他几个答案为什么不对呢?

详细解析A选项是those,如果those填在这里的话就会变成缺少关系代词who,如选those,那those will take over the job“那些人将会取代这个工作”,它就变成了一个独立的句子,而不是一个从句,更加就不是一个宾语从句了,所以从原则上说它是错误的,那么怎样改才是正确的呢?很简单,只要在这个those的后面加一个关系代词who,把它变成一个定语从句——those who will take over the job,“那些将要接管这个工作的人”,那么这样就可以了。

B选项是who在名词性从句中表示疑问,e.g. Who will take over the job has not been decided yet. D选项是anyone,错误的原因也是缺少关系代词who.

比较those who和anyone who,前者是“那些……的人”,后者表示“任何……的人”。区别就是在于those who是一个复数的概念,“那些人”,后面的谓语动词要用复数;而anyone who是表示任何一个人,后面要用单数的谓语动词。

高考英语语法考点三

虚拟语气和情态动词

—David, we went to Lake Geneva for the weekend.

—That _______ a very nice change. I wish I had gone there.

A. must be B. must have been C. could be D. could have been

正确答案B

高考考点考查情态动词。

首先A和B里面都有must,must表推测,它表示“肯定…”,这个语气是非常确定的,百分之百的;那么当must表推测的时候呢,它还可以表示不同的时间,例如:

第一,must be表示的是“现在的状态”,He must be a teacher. 他肯定是一个老师。

第二,must be doing表示“现在进行的动作”,They must be having a meeting in the office.他们现在肯定正在办公室里开会。

第三,must have done表示“过去发生的事情”,You must have met him yesterday.你昨天肯定见过他了。让我们看一下将“must have been”填到题干里面是否正确?句意:“David,我们周末去了日内瓦湖。”“哦,那肯定是一个非常好的改变,我希望我也去那里了。”这里是表示一个肯定的推测;又因为是上个周末的事情,说明这件事情已经发生了,我们所以用B. must have been,而不是A。

详细解析C选项是could轻微的怀疑或委婉的陈述看法,“可能”e.g. His story could be true, but I hardly think it is.他所说的这个 故事 可能是真的,但是我基本上不相信。

D选项是could have done虚拟语气,某事过去有可能发生而实际没有,“本来可以”,表示惋惜、遗憾 e.g. The accident could have been prevented.这个车祸原本是可以避免的。e.g. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.你原本是可以做的更好的,但是你并没有尽自己最大的努力。

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高考英语语法:高中英语语法-简单句、并列句和复合句

英语高考的时候,不管是单词、 短语 、句型还是语法,都会被考察到,所以考生们一定要全面复习好这些知识。下面是我整理分享的高考英语语法填空必背知识,欢迎阅读与借鉴,希望对你们有帮助!

高考英语语法填空必背知识

一、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词

1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播

2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑

3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止

4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅

5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰

6. hang (作“绞死”讲,是规则的;作“悬挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung)

7. lie (作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain)

8. seek (sought, sought) 寻求

9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖

10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌

11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉

12. spread (spread, spread) 传播

13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳

14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎

15. weave (wove, woven) 编织

二、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母

双写规则口诀:重读闭音节有特点,词尾是两“辅”夹一“元”。

若把-ing,-er(-est),-ed添,辅音字母要双写全。

注:两“辅”夹一“元”:指单词最后三个字母是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”(最后一个字母如是w,x,y除外),其中元音字母所发的音是该单词的重音。即“以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词”。

1. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认

2. permit (permitted, permitting)允许

3. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔

4. forget (forgotten, forgetting ) 忘记 unforgettable

5. control (controlled, controlling) 控制

6. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现

7. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿

8. refer (referred, referring) 提到

9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备

注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语) 另外注意:destroy (destroyed) employ (employed)

shyer; shyest

三、容易拼写错的数字

1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二

5. twentieth第二十

四、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化

1. long—length 长度— lengthen加长

2. wide—width 宽度—widen

3. high—height 高度—heighten

4. strong—strength力量 —strengthen

5.deep—depth—deepen

6. short—shortness—shorten

7.broad—broadness—broaden

8.large—largeness—enlarge

五、以-ic结尾的动词,应先把-ic变为-ick,再加ing或ed

1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐

2.panic (panicked, panicked) a./ v.惊慌,恐慌,惶恐不安

六、个别名词的'复数拼写

1. German (Germans) 德国人

2. gulf (gulfs) 海湾

3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕

4. hero (英雄),potato (土豆),tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。

5. roof (roofs) 房顶

6. stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)

七、常用复数形式

1. headphones (耳机), trousers (裤子),sunglasses (太阳镜), scissors (剪刀), compasses (圆规)

2. noodles, vegetables, snacks小吃, 快餐,

3. make friends with 与...交朋友,in high/low spirits (情绪高涨/低落), have sports (进行体育活动)。

4. congratulations (祝贺)。

5. celebrations (庆祝),

八、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化

1. succeed—success成功

2. pronounce—pronunciation 发音

3. explain—explanation解释

4. decide—decision 决定

5. enter—entrance进入

6. permit—permission 允许

7. refuse—refusal 拒绝

8. consider—consideration 考虑

9. discover—discovery 发现

10. bury—burial 埋葬

11. conclude—conclusion 得出结论

12. arrive—arrival 到达

13. weigh—weight 重量

14.press--pressure压力

九、注意去不去e

possible—possibly 可能的 argue—argument judge—judgment

value—valuable courage—courageous

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高考英语13个语法考点

《高中英语语法-简单句、并列句和复合句》由liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

简单句、并列句和复合句

(一)句子种类两种分类法

1、按句子的用途可分四种:

1)陈述句(肯定、否定):He is six years old; She didn't hear of you before.

2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can't she?

3)祈使句:Be careful, boys; Don't talk in class

4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!

2、按句子的结构可分三种:

1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。

e.g. He often reads English in the morning.

Tom and Mike are American boys.

She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.

2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

e.g. You help him and he helps you.

The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。

3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。

e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.

(二)简单句的五种基本句型

1、主语+系动词+表语:e.g. He is a student.

2、主语+不及物动词:e.g. We work.

3、主语+及物动词+宾语:e.g. Henry bought a dictionary.

4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):e.g. My father bought me a car.

5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语+宾补):e.g. Tom made the baby laugh.

注:其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。

(三)并列句的分类

1、表示连接两个同等概念,常用and, not only?but also?, neither?nor?, then等连接。e.g. The teacher's name is Smith, and the student's name is John.

2、表示选择,常用的连词有or, either?or?, otherwise等。e.g. Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.

3、表示转折,常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.

4、表示因果关系,常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.

(四)高考考点探讨

1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多,但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解,在书面表达中,没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。

2、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。一个题目,几个考点,是近几年命题的发展趋势。

3、高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如:and, but, or, while,以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。

4、各种主从复合句的考查常常与动词的时态联系在一起,以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显,时间从句与条件从句中,如果主句是将来时,从句则用一般式表将来,这一点在高考中经常考查。

如:We will go outing if it doesn't rain tomorrow。

练习二、简单句、并列句和复合句

一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:

1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.

2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.

3. There is a chair in this room, isn't there?

4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.

5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.

6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.

7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.

8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn't it?

9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.

10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.

二、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句:

I hope you are very well( ). I'm fine, but tired( ). Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm( ). August is the hottest month here( ). It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.( ) Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors( ). We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat( ). We have a lot of machines on the farm( ). Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him( ). But he employs more men for the harvest( ). My brother takes care of the vegetable garden( ). It doesn't often rain in the summer here( ). As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden( ). Every evening we pump water from a well( ). It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden( ).

Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time( ). These parties often make us very happy( ). We cook meat on an open fire outside( ). It's great( )! Americans eat a lot of meat - too much in my opinion( ). Some of my friends drink beer( ). I don't, because I have to drive home after the party( ). In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States( ). There are five different time areas in the States( ). In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time( ). How many different time areas do you have in China( )? Well, I must stop and get some sleep( ). Please give my best regards to your parents( ).

三、选择填空:

1. Give me one more minute ____ I'll be able to finish it.

A. and B. or C. if D. so

2. It's the third time that John has been late, ____?

A. hasn't he B. isn't he C. isn't it D. hasn't it

3. ____ joyful he was to meet his brother again!

A. How B. What C. What a D. What an

4. Let us pass, ____?

A. shan't we B. shall we C. won't we D. will you

5. I suppose he's serious, ____ ?

A. do I B. don't I C. is he D. isn't he

6. You had better not smoke here, ____?

A. will you B. had you C. shall you D. have you

7. Train as hard as you can ____ you'll win the swimming competition.

A. then B. but C. and D. or

8. I'm sorry to have to say this, ____ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.

A. and B. but C. so D. because

9. John has not yet passed the driving test, and ____.

A. Henry hasn't too B. Henry also has not either C. neither Henry has D. neither has Henry

10. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, ____ others enjoy swimming.

A. or B. for C. while D. so

11. ---- Do you feel like going out ____ would you rather have dinner at home?

---- I'd like to go out. A. or B. and C. but D. so

12. ---- "____ is the temperature today?" ----"It's 38 degrees."

A. Which B. How C. How hot D. How high

13. ---- Your uncle isn't an engineer, is he? ---- ____.

A. Yes, he isn't B. No, he isn't C. No, he is D. He is

14. ____ friendly ____ to everyone!

A. How, is she B. What, is she C. How, she is D. What, she is

15. Mary went to bed early, ____ she felt very tired.

A. or B. so C. for D. yet

16. Mother ____ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. was making B. makes C. is making D. made

17. He lay in bed ____ read something borrowed from library.

A. but B. and C. or D. yet

18. ---- I'd really like some lunch but I have so much work to do.

---- ____ what you want and I can get it for you.

A. Tell me B. If you would say to me C. You will tell me D. If you tell me

19. As he is strong, ____ can lift one hundred pounds.

A. yet he B. but he C. and D. he

20. ---- I thought you had an umbrella. ---- I had, ____ I've lost it.

A. since B. but C. because D. so

21. ____ down the radio ---- the baby's asleep in the next room.

A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn

22. ---- I don't like chicken ____ fish. ---- I don't like chicken ____ I like fish very much.

A. and, and B. and, but C. or, and D. or, but

23. ---- Would you like to come to dinner tonight? ---- I'd like to, ____ I'm too busy.

A. and B. so C. as D. but

24. Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?

A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise

25. She set out soon after dark ____ home an hour later.

A. arriving B. to arrive C. having arrived D. and arrived

26. "Can't you read?" Mary said ____ to the notice.

A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointed

27. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

A. whom B. where C. which D. while

28. ____ it with me and I'll see what I can do.

A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave

29. ---- Alice, you feed the bird today, ____? ---- But I fed it yesterday.

A. do you B. will you C. didn't you D. don't you

30. ____ him and then try to copy what he does.

A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch

四、按要求完成下列句子:

1. He dares to tell the truth.(改为否定句)

2. They have lived here for more than ten years.(对画线部分提问)

3. There will be a sports meet at the end of this month, ____________?(完成反意疑问)

4. You must be careful with your pronunciation.(改为祈使句)

5. They went for a walk after supper yesterday evening.(改为一般疑问句)

6. It is an interesting story.(改为感叹句)

7. This magazine comes out(出版)every other week.(对画线部分提问)

8. They could hardly believe his words, ____________?(完成反意疑问)

9. The moon is shining brightly.(改为感叹句)

10.Our English teacher is always encouraging us to speak English in class. (对画线部分提问) 《高中英语语法-简单句、并列句和复合句》由liuxue86.com我整理

高考英语语法: 英语分词的逻辑主语

她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。

(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……

例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.

她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。

(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……

例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.

她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。

(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……

例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.

英语语法:高考英语定语从句的主要考

高考英语语法:英语分词的逻辑主语

 一、弄清什么是分词的逻辑主语

分词属非谓语动词,即不用作谓语的动词,所以它没有真正的主语。但是,分词作为动词的一种形式,它应有自己理论上或逻辑上的主语,即逻辑主语。如:

I often hear him singing this song. 我经常听他唱这首歌。(him 是singing的逻辑主语)

Hearing the news, he couldn’t help crying. 听到这消息,他禁不住哭了。(he是hearing的逻辑主语)

若用的是过去分词或现在分词的被动式,则上面提到的逻辑主语实为“逻辑宾语”。如:

I often hear this song sung. 我经常听到有人唱这首歌。(this song是sung的逻辑主语,但是sing 的逻辑宾语)

I saw her being taken to the operating room. 我看见她被送到手术室。(her是being taken 的逻辑主语,但是take 的逻辑宾语)

二、弄清分词逻辑主语的易错点

分词作状语,它的逻辑主语通常应是句子的主语,否则会出错。请看下题:

1. Finding her car stolen, ______.

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

此题答案应选D,因为句首用作状语的现在分词短语finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语应是“她”,而不是a policeman, the area, it 等。

在使用分词的逻辑主语时还要注意根据句意判断是主动还是被动。如:

2. _____ many times, he still didn’t understand it.

A. Having been told B. Though to be told

C. Having told D. He was told

根据句意,he 与 tell 应是被动关系。从时间上看,应该是“被告诉”在先,“没有理解”在后,故选A。比较下题由于句中用了并列连词but,情况有所不同:

3. _____ many times, but he still didn’t understand it.

A. Having been told B. Though he was told

C. To have been told D. He was told

此题答案选D,句中的并列连词 but 表明整个句子为并列句,同时表明 but 前应是一个独立的句子,而不能是一个非谓语动词短语(所以不能选A或C)。

三、弄清分词逻辑主语的特例

一般说来,分词作状语,它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致,但事实上有少数例外的特殊情况:

1. 某些表示说话人态度的一些惯用分词表达,它们在用作状语时其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。如:

Generally speaking, women live longer than men. 一般说来,女人比男人活得长。

Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed. 从你的话看,他应当能成功。

Considering the distance, he arrived very quickly. 考虑到路程,他到达得很快。

Taking everything into consideration, you should leave. 考虑到各种因素,你离开。(from www.nmet168.com)

2. 当句子含有先行主语it或there时,有时用作状语的分词短语可以与先行主语不一致。如:

Having so little time, there was not much that I could do. 由于时间很少,我能做的事很有限。

Being French, it’s surprising that she’s such a terrible cook. 她是法国人,但她做饭做得那么糟真是令人感到惊奇。

3. 当分词已转化为介词或连词,此时也无需考虑主语一致问题。如:

Supposing she doesn’t come, what shall we do? 要是她不来我们怎么办?(supposing为连词,意为“假若”)

Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job. 考虑到他们没有经验,这工作已做得很不错了。(given为介词,意为“考虑到”)

4. 当分词暗含的逻辑主语为表示泛指意义的one或you时,也无需考虑主语的一致性问题。如:

In doing such work, patience is needed. 做这种工作需要耐心。(=When one does such work, patience is needed.)

四、弄清分词的独立主格结构

在通常情况下,分词作状语时它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致,若不一致,则应改用其他句型。如:

误:Crossing the road, a car knocked him down.

正:Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 过马路时他被车撞倒了。

正:When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 他过马路时车子把他撞倒了。

解决状语分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致的问题,也可在分词前加一个名词或代词,使之成为分词的逻辑主语。由于加在分词前的名词或代词要用主格形式,故称分词的独立主格结构。如:

The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了。

The weather being fine, we went swimming. 天气很好,我们就去游泳了。

He being absent, nothing couldn’t be done. 由于他缺席,什么事也干不成

高考英语语法题目类型和分布重点

考点一 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句

 1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)

 A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

 解析C。在所给的四个关系代词中,只有whose能用于名词用作定语,故选C。又如:A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。

 2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)

 A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom

 解析B。their是物主代词,不是关系代词,不能引导定语从句,所以不能选;在其余三个选项中,只有whose能用于名词用作定语,故选B。句意为:许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了,他们在家乡被照顾得很好。

 3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)

 A. which B. of which C. that D. whose

 解析D。在所给定的四个关系代词中,只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语,故可排除B和C。而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是:which具有that或this的语义特征,而whose则具有one’s的语义特征。

 考点二 考查关系代词which引导的定语从句

 1. They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (辽宁卷)

 A. that B. when C. what D. which

 解析D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句,故被排除;when可引导非限制性定语从句,但只用于指时间,与句意不符,故也被排除;而what不是关系代词,不能用于引导定语从句,故也被排除;which在此引导非限制性定语从句,并在定语从句中充当动词find的宾语。句意为:他们赢了最后三场比赛,我发现这有点令人吃惊。

 2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全国Ⅱ)

 A. which B. that C. where D. it

 解析A。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词,所以不能选B或D;而where是关系副词,不能用作主语;which在此引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中用作主语。又如:Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快,这是很危险的。

 3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山东卷)

 A. who B. which C. when D. that

 解析B。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句,故可排除;when是关系副词,不用作主语,故也可排除;who用于指人,但这里的定语从句不是修饰her,而是修饰whenever I met her,故不能用who,此处应用which。又如:He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他说他从没见到过她,这是不真实的。

高考新概念英语语法全解之形容词和副词

虚拟语气

1.虚拟语气的标准句式

2.标准句式与综错句式

3.条件句的省略倒装

4.虚拟语气的含蓄条件句

介词with, without, under, in, but for 等表示含蓄条件;

连词but, or, or else等表示含蓄条件;

副词otherwise, unfortunately等表示转折假设:

5.省略主句的虚拟语气结构if only

6.用于宾语从句的虚拟语气

that宾语从句需用(should)十动词原形表示虚拟的动词:

advise, recommend, propose, suggest, insist, move, urge, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, maintain, prefer, desire, vote that不可以省略;should可以省略:

以上动词的同词根名词在that同位语从句和表语从句的谓语需用(should)十动词原形

如:

insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity

以上动词的同词根形容词及分词在that主语从句的谓语需用(should)十动词原形,如:

advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent; advised, arranged, commanded, demanded desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested; essential, important, natural, necessary, possible, proper, strange

7.用于目的状语从句的虚拟语气 in case; in fear that; lest

8.用于方式状语从句的虚拟语气

9.常用的虚拟语气句式

1) it is high time

2) would rather

3)情态动词完成式可以表示责备、推测语气;

倒 装

全部倒装与部分倒装:

1.否定词语置于句首

never, no, neither, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respects, in no sense, in no way, under no circumstances, by no means, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner, in vain

2. only十状语置于句首

only加副词:only then,only once

only加介词短语:only at that time,only in this way,only by doing

only加状语从句:only because, only when

3.not only……but also……置于句首

4.so……that……状语、表语置于句首

5.than引导的比较状语从句(可以)

6.表语+系动词+主语

7.存在句

8.as引导的方式状语从句(可以)

主谓一致

常出现在主谓部分倒装结构中;常出现在主语与谓语之间有定语从句或其他修饰结构的句子中;常出现关系代词作主语的定语从句中;

1.以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致

1学科名词2构词单复3专有名词

................................................

形容词和副词

 一、考点聚焦

 形容词、副词的作用与位置:形容词是用来修饰名词的,常被放在名词前作定语,或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词,其他副词或者句子,一般位于形容词之前,动词之后或

 句子之首。

 第一节:形容词

 1、形容词的定义:形容词简称adv. 形容词简称adv.修饰v. adj.,其他adv.或全句的词,v.,adv.或全句的词修饰v.,adj.,其他adv.或全句的词,表示时间,地点,程度,方式等。表示时间,地

 点,程度,方式等。

 2、复合形容词的构成

 (1)形容词+ 名词+ ed kind-hearted 好心的,white-haired 白发的

 (2)形容词+ 形容词red-hot 炽热的,dark-blue 深蓝的

 (3)形容词+ 现在分词good-looking 好看的,easy-going 随和的

 (4)副词+ 现在分词hard-working 勤劳的,fast-moving 快速转动的

 (5)副词+ 过去分词hard-won 得来不易的,newly-made 新建的

 (6)名词+ 形容词life-long 终生的,world-famous 世界闻名的

 (7)名词+ 现在分词peace-loving 爱好和平的,fun-loving 爱开玩笑的

 (8)名词+ 过去分词snow-covered 白雪覆盖的,hand-made 手工的

 (9)数词+ 名词+ ed four-storeyed 4 层楼的,three-legged 3 条腿的

 (10)数词+ 名词(名词用单数)ten-year 10 年的,two-man 两人的

 第二节:副词

 什么是副词?

 指出句中的副词:

 1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修饰副词“farther”表示程度 farther修饰动词“move”表示方式

 2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修饰动词goes,表示频度、频率

 3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修饰整个句子

 4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修饰形容词,表示程度修饰形容词hot,修饰形容词

 高考副词主要考点

 主要题型:选择填空,完形填空,改错

 考点内容:

 1. 副词词义辨析

 (10浙江) Do you think shopping online will ____________ take the place of shopping in stores?

 A.especially B.Frequently C.merely D.finally

 解析:especially 特别,尤其;frequently经常;merely仅仅;finally最终

 根据语境:你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物吗?

 (10湖北) I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ___________ said errors like this could be avoided.

 A. merely B. mostly C. rarely D. nearly

 解析:mostly 大部分地,通常地;nearly 几乎=almost;rarely 很少地,几乎不;merely 仅仅,只不过

 全句意思:我并没有责怪任何人,我只是说类似这种错误是可以避免的” 说类似这种错误是可以避免的”。

 2. 副词短语与习惯用语辨析

 (09全国) It’s high time you had your hair cut; it’s getting .

 A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long much

 解析too much+不可数名词 much too+形

 (09天津) It was a nice house, but _______ too small for a family of five.

 A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty

 解析rather too 稍微,一点

 全句意思:这房子不错,但对于五口之家还是稍微小了点

 (2011全国)It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is______another to play it well yourself.

 A. quite B. very C. rather D. much

 解析quite another 另一回事

 全句意思:喜欢听好音乐是一回事,但是自己演奏的好又是另一回事

 3. 某些副词的位置

 (10辽宁)We only had $100 and that was _______ to buy a new computer.

 A.nowhere near enough B.near enough nowhere C.enough near nowhere D.near nowhere enough

 辨析enough做副词时,修饰形容词或副词时应该放在被修饰词的后面adj/adv+enough nowhere near是固定短语,意思是“差得远;远不及” ,相当于一个形容词

 4. 短文改错题

 Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family 此处用副词作状语,修饰整个句子

 adv怎么分类?

 ◆按意义分类1.普通副词 2.疑问副词 3.连接副词 4.关系副词

 普通副词可分为以下几类副词

 1)时间副词:today今天 yesterday昨天 lately近来,最近 next 下个 如:next Sunday下周日 last…上个 如:last week上周

 确切的时间副词可放句末和句首 They talked with Tom about it yesterday. Yesterday They talked with Tom about it.

 2)频度副词:always总是usually通常often经常,总是,通常 sometimes 有时 seldom/rarely 很少,有时 never 从不 occasionally 偶尔,间或,从不 constantly时常,不断地 frequently

 时常频繁地 行为/实义

 之前:①常位于行为实义之前:He seldom goes to the movies. 放在be动词,助动词和情态动词之后:动词 ②放在动词,助动词和情态动词之后:She is always acting like that.

 3)地点副词: here 这里 there那里 everywhere到处 anywhere任何地方 inside在里面,往里面 outside 在外面,向外面 upstairs 在楼上,往楼上 downstairs 在楼下,往楼下 常放在谓语V之

 后:He went away.

 He lived abroad.

 4)方式副词: slowly慢慢地 happily幸福地,快乐地 hard努力地,艰苦地 quickly快,迅速地 sadly哀伤地,伤心地 quietly悄悄地,安静地 carefully认真地,小心地 properly恰当地,正确地,

 常放在被修饰的V之后

 或放在句末 He ran quickly. I can do it well.

 5)程度副词: very非常 much非常,很 very much很,非常 quite相当,非常,相当,,很 rather相当 little少so这么,那么,如此 too太 enough足够地,充分地 hardly几乎不,简直不,常放在

 被它修饰的adj.,

 adv.或v.之前The book is very good. I almost believed his story.

 6)语气副词:certainly当然 obviously显然地,当然 besides此外luckily/fortunately幸运地, 此外 unlickily/unfortuntely不幸地 语气副词常放句首,修饰全句,语气副词常放句首,修饰全句,表示强调说明,调说明,或表示说话人的语气和态度Unfortunately, he won't be here tomorrow evening.

 adv怎样构成?

 1. 本身为adv.:ago, now, often, very等

 2. 大多数的adv.由adj.加上后缀ly组成 1)一般情况:slow-slowly, bad-badly 2)辅音字母结尾,y改为i再加ly happy-happily, angry-angrily 3)le结尾去掉e加y: single-singly

 3. 有些adv.由介词或地点名词加后缀-ward (s)构成forward(s) backward(s)

 4. 与adj同形的adv.:特别是以下几个:enough足够相当 early早, fast快, 足够 deep深地 high高,向高处 hard努力地,艰苦地 late迟到,晚 wide广阔地

 5. 加ly变副词后意思发生变化的副词 highly非常,高度地 widely广泛地,非常 nearly几乎 lately近来,最近 hard努力地 hardly几乎不 deeply深深地,深刻地 widely广泛地

 某些副词在句中的位置是怎样的?

 1.a. enough足够地、十分地The book is _______enough for you to understand. easy _______ 这本书对你来说完全可以看得懂。They cannot walk ______________

 _______________. fast enough 他们走得不够快。I'm ______ __________ to handle my own affairs. old enough 我已经长大了,可以处理我自己的事情。 b. enough足够的,

 修饰n时也可放在n.后,也可放在n

 前:enough money I have ___________ _____________ to buy the book. 我有足够的钱买着本书。enough chairs We have ___________ _____________ for everyone.

 我们有足够的椅子让大家坐。

 2. a. both, all, often及always等频度副词+实义动词及等频度副词实义动词;b. be动词情态动词助动词both, all, often, always等动词/情态动词助动词+ 动词情态动词/助动词等

 are always

 They _________ _____________ late for school. 他们总是上学迟到。 are both We ________ ____________ students of No. 14 High School. 我俩都是这个班的学生。all

 like They ___________

 _____________playing basketball. 他们全都喜欢打篮球。have both finished We_________ ____________ _____________ our homework.我们俩都完成作业了。

 3. 几个副词在同一个句子中出现的情况:

 1) 谓语v后常出现的副词有表示地点,时间,方式,一般的排列顺序为:程度→方式方式→地点如:时间副词, very hard there We worked _________ ________

 __________ later ___________. 我们在那儿工作很努力。We’re going to have a meeting_________________ in the classroom _______________________. this

 afternoon 今天下午我们将在教室里开会。

 2) 几个时间副词,地点副词作状语时,一般来说时间副词/地点副词作状语时,从小到大排列,如:at five o’clock on the afternoon He was born _________________________ of July 28th, 1994

 ___________________. 他出生在1994年7月28号下午五点。 I first met Peter _______________________. in a bookstore in Boston 我第一次见到Peter是在波士顿的一个书店里。

 以下属几种特殊情况,须牢记:

 (1)形容词短语作定语,定语后置。a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high

 (2)表语形容词(afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive 等)作定语,定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill 只作表语。sick 既可作表语又可作定语,ill 如作定语意为“bad”。

 (3)用作定语,修饰由不定代词one、any、no、some 和every 构成的复合词如anything、something 等时,通常后置。如:I have something important to tell you.

 (4)else 常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。

 (5)enough、nearby 修饰名词前置或后置,程度副词一般位于形容词、副词前面,enough 修饰形容词、副词时,必须后置。

 (6)几个副词并列作状语时,其顺序较灵活,但一般是:方式→地点→时间。如:We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.

 (7)频度副词如often、always、usually 等在be 动词后,行为动词前。

 (8)副词作定语,定语后置。如:The person there is waiting for you.

 (9)几个并列的形容词作定语,其语序通常为:限定语(The、A)+ 描绘性形容词+ size (大小)shape + (形状)age + (年龄、时间)color 颜色)origin + (+ (国籍、来源)material + (材料)+

 purpose(目的)+ 名词。如:a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella, the man’s first tow interesting little red French oil paitings

 (10)以-ly 结尾的词性辨析。①下列单词以-ly 结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely 等。②表愿意

 (无-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副词:

 deep 深wide 宽广high 高low 位置低deeply 深入地widely 广泛地highly 高度地lowly 地位卑微③有无-ly 意义大不相同的副词:dead 完全,绝对be dead asleep deadly 非常be deadly tired pretty 相当be pretty certain that… prettily 漂亮地be prettily dressed close 近Don’t sit close. closely 密切地Watch closely! late 晚、迟arrive late, come late lately 最近I haven’t seen him lately(recently).

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