高考英语定语从句考点分析,高考定语从句考点

1.高考英语。宾语从句和定语从句有什么区别呢，求简单讲解下重点

2.我要高中定语从句的专讲以及附答案的习题，最好全面

3.定语从句和宾语从句的知识梳理

4.英语语法定语从句知识点：关系代词和关系副词

5.高考英语定语从句怎么学?

4.选B，where，意思是在这个地方观众可以买冰淇淋，注意关键词“在……”

5.A，as.说实话，对于这道题我知道是选A，但是完全凭借语感，我很难逻辑给出说明。你可以参考这个回答。

6.B，如果没有他的帮助，我将会怎么怎么样，注意关键词“他的……”

7.A,他也许会赢得那场比赛，如果这样的话，就能去参加国际赛了。这里是“如果那样”的意思，原本词组是in that case,这里是从句，改为 in which case, 从句中一般不再介词后用that

8.A，whose，是说“他们的”生命受到了影响。前面的those指代人，可以用people替代，这样理解就清晰了。

9.B，类似于第四题，强调的是“在什么什么地方”游客们可以看到一个玻璃房被建造，强调的是“在……”

10.B.世界银行的行长说，他对中国有一种特殊情感，是从很小的时候就开始的，这里只要一个名词代词which即可。复原就是 He remebers China staring ……，后面的staring其实又是一个从句，修饰remeber这个动作。

11.C.就像老话说的那样，“你不可以根据一本书的封面来评价这本书”，这里是一个固定短语，as as the old saying goes. 类似于“As we all know”.

祝你学习进步，不懂可以追问，谢谢！

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以上皆为原创，逐一手打。

高考英语。宾语从句和定语从句有什么区别呢，求简单讲解下重点

介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2）that前不能有介词。

3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club？

先行词和关系词二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.

(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)

2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.

(what 可以用all that代替)

as， which 非限定性定语从句

由as， which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know， smoking is harmful to one's health.

The sun heats the earth， which is very important to us.

典型例题

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss， ___came as a surprise.

A. it　 B. that　 C. whichD. he

答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good， ___ was more than we could expect.

A. what　B. which　C. that　D. it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday， ____ prevented me from going to the park..

A. that　B. whichC. as　 D. it

答案B.

as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

(1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。

在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。

As 的用法

例1. the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构， 和……一样……。

I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。

As we know， smoking is harmful to one's health.

As is know， smoking is harmful to one's health.

As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

关系代词that 的用法

1）不用that的情况

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错)　The tree， that is four hundred years old， is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a)　在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

b)　在不定代词，如：anything， nothing， the one， all， much， few， any， little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

c)　先行词有the only， the very修饰时，只用that。

d)　先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.

e)　先行词既有人，又有物时。

举例：

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

所需的只是供油问题。

Finally， the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

难点分析

（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况

1．当先行词是anything， everything， nothing (something 除外)， few， all， none， little， some等代词时，或者是由every， any， all， some， no， little， few， much等修饰时

(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said？

(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.

(3) All that can be done has been done.

(4) There is little that I can do for you.

注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.

2. 当先行词被序数词修饰

(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.

3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时

(1) This is the best film that I have seen.

4. 当形容词被the very， the only 修饰时

(1) This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy，

(2) After the fire in his house， the old car is the only thing that he owned.

当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/

5. 当先行词前面有who， which等疑问代词时

(1) Who is the man that is standing there？

(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？

6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时

(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned？

（二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句

as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：

1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。

(1) He married her， as/which was natural.

(2) He was honest， as/which we can see.

2. as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思

(1) As is known to all， China is a developing country.

(2) He is from the south， as we can see from his accent.

(3) John， as you know， is a famous writer.

(4) He has been to Paris more than several times， which I don’t believe.

注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which

(5) Tom was always late for school， which made his teacher angry.

3. 当先行次受such， the same修饰时，常用as

(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.

(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.

(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.

注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同

(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。

(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。

（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which， that引导，而且通常可以省略。

(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.

(四) but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句

(1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don’t )

(五) 区分定语从句和同位语从句

1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系

(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句

(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位语从句

2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when， where， how， why， whether， what等词引导，充当成分

(1) The news he told me is true.

(2) The news that he has just died is true.

(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语

(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.

3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以

(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语

(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.

(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.

(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.

我要高中定语从句的专讲以及附答案的习题，最好全面

答如下：

1. 宾语从句置于及物动词或介词之后，作动词或介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的词有连接词(that, if, whether) 、连接代词(what , which, who, whom, whose等)和连接副词how, when, where, why等)。例如：

I know that he is ill.

Can you tell me where he lives?

I wonder if / whether he will go.

We don't know whose wallet it is.

Tom is interested in what you said.

注意：that或if从句通常不作介词的宾语(except除外)。例如：

I am not sure about whether (不用if) he will go.

The house is beautiful except that it is a little small.

2. 定语从句置于所修饰的名词或代词之后 ，它在句中用来作定语，修饰前面的名词。被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词有关系代词(that , which,who, whom, whose等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)。关系代词指代前面的名词，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语和定语; 关系副词在定语从句中可以作状语，表示时间、原因、地点等。

I know the man who / that is standing there.

The novel which / that you bought is fun.

That is the house where he lived in.

I will never forget the day when I

定语从句和宾语从句的知识梳理

定语从句（Attributive clauses）

在句中修饰名词或代词的从句，因其修饰作用相当于形容词，故称形容词性从句，即通常所说的定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的有：

1）关系代词： 先行词为人：who, whom, that, whose

先行词为物：which, that, whose

2）关系副词：when, where, why

注意： 关系词起三个作用：①连接先行词和定于从句②替代先行词③在从句中担任成分 what不能引导定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后，但有时也被一个短语隔开。

例如：I was the only person in my office who was invited.

I. 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

定语从句的构成: 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句

人 物

主格 Who/ that Which/ that

宾格 Whom/ that/ who Which/ that

定语 whose Whose: …of which

1）who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。关系代词充当宾语可以省略。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man (whom/ that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2）whose 用来指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，。 例如：

Please pass me the book whose cover is red.（指物）

The lawyer whose name is Wang Jin lives in Nanjing.（指人）

3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可做主语、宾语等。例如：

Great changes which / that have never been seen before appears in the countryside.

（which / that在句中作主语）

The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）

II. 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词when, where, why在从句中充当状语，分别可表时间、地点或原因。

I will never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

This is the house where Lu Xun once lived.

I know the reason why he came late.

注：先行词是the way时，其后的定语从句关系词有三种，例如：

I like the way in which / (that) the teacher gives his lessons.

从句缺少的是主语、宾语还是状语是确定用关系代词还是关系副词的关键。也就是说要看先行词在定语从句中担任什么成分

试比较：

I will never forget the day (which/that) I spent in Hongkong.

( spent是及物动词，后缺宾语，因此用关系代词或省略 )

I will never forget the day when/on which Hongkong returned to its motherland.

（ 从句主谓宾结构完整，缺状语，因此用关系副词或介词加关系代词 ）

The reason （that/which）he gave for not coming to school yesterday is unbelievable.

( gave是及物动词，后缺宾语，因此用关系代词或省略 )

The reason why he didn’t come to school yesterday is unbelievable.

（ 从句主谓宾结构完整，缺状语，因此用关系副词或介词加关系代词 ）

Ⅲ. 关系代词引导的限制性与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，去掉后主句意义就变得不明确，它与主句之间没有逗号分隔。例如：

The watch that I bought yesterday works well.

非限制性定语从句与主句之间的关系相对松散一些，它对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响主句意义。因此，一些具有区别意义的专有名词及一些表示“唯一”概念的人或物后面常用此类从句。这类从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。例如：

My father, who is a doctor, often encourages me to work hard.

Ⅳ. 介词+关系代词的用法

关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。

介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：

The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.

=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.

但遇到固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。如：

Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for? ( 这里介词for一般不提前，因为look for是固定词组，意为“寻找”，介词for若被提前，单个的look意为“看”，句意不符。)

巩固练习

I. 单项选择

1. You’d better not drink water _____ has not been boiled.

A. which B. whom C. whose D. who

2. The director and his movie ___ you have just talked is really popular.

A. that B. which C. about which D. of whom

3. His dog, ______ was now very old, became ill and died.

A. who B. that C. whose D. which

4. This is the house _______ I was born on a rainy evening.

A. which B. that C. in which D. at which

5. She is my former classmate _______ handwriting is very good.

A. whom B. whose C. of whom D. which

6. Is the girl your friend _______ you shook hands just now?

A. which B. that C. to whom D. with whom

7. In fact the Sweden did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

8. Didn't you see the man ________ I nodded to just now?

A. which B. whom C. whose D. to which

9. I can't find the gold ring _______ I spent 100 dollars.

A. that B. on which C. which D. in which

10. The radio set ____ I bought last week has gone wrong.

A. / B. for which C. over which D. what

Answers:

ⅠACDCB, DDBBA

定语从句（Attributive clauses）Part2

I. 关系代词that与which；that与who的一些特殊用法：

指物时，关系代词that和which一般情况下可换用，但以下几种情况下一般用that，不用which：

1）先行词是all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代词；或是先行词被all, every, some, any, no, few, little等修饰时：

Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town?

I have read all the books (that) you gave me.

注：当something确指某物或某事时，用that或which都可以，如：

There is something that/which keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安。”

2) 先行词被形容词最高级或有序数词the first, the second…, the last修饰时：

This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.

The first place (that) we’ll visit is the Great Wall.

3) 先行词被the only，the very修饰时：

The only thing that matters is to find our way home.

This is the very book (that) I’ve been looking for.

4) 先行词既有人又有物时：

They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school.

5) 当主句是由who或which引导的特殊问句时，为避免重复，定语从句中常用that：

Who is the man that is standing by the door?

Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday?

只能用which 的两种情况

1) 非限制性定语从句,先行词为物

e.g. Yangtze river, which is the third longest river, lies in China.

2) 整句话当先行词

It rained a lot, which made a flood happened

只能用as, 不能用which, that, who 的两种情况

1) 先行词被such, the same 修饰时

e.g. I’ve never heard of such a terrible earthquake as you told me.

You are using the same pen as I lost yesterday. (像，两支)

You are using the same pen that I lost yesterday.（正是，同一支）

2) 非限制性定语从句提前,关系词用as,“正如…所知道,所期望…的一样”

e.g. As we know，Taiwan belongs to China,

当先行词是anyone, those, these, he, she等代词表“人”时，一般用who而不用that：

Anyone who wants a ticket please sign your name here.

Those who want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 p.m.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，通常用that而不用who：

He is no longer the man that he used to be.

II. 关系代词whose的特殊用法（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换, of which可置于其所修饰的名词前或后; 若指人, 可以同of whom互换）。例如：

Please pass me the book whose cover is green.（指物）

=Please pass me the book the cover of which (of which the cover) is green.

The doctor, whose name was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England.（指人）

= The doctor, the name of whom was Johnson, lived in a small town in the north of England.

III. 一种特殊的非限制性定语从句

在非限制性定语从句中，有时根据句子意思，常把some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。

He has five children, two of whom are abroad.

(比较：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.)

We have tested three hundred types of boots, none of which is/are completely waterproof.

(比较：We have tested three hundred types of boots, but none of them is/are completely waterproof.)

Ⅳ. 定语从句中易犯的错误

1. 在定语从句中加了多余的定语

e.g. Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come. (them)

2. 把定语从句谓语动词的单复数弄错

e.g. Anyone who break the rules will be punished. (breaks)

Those who has finished may go home. (have)

He is the only one of the teachers who know English in our school. (knows)

This is one of the rooms that is free now. (are)

3. 误省略了定语从句中做主语的关系代词

e.g. Children ∧ eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth. (who / that)

4. 定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词

a). The house where he lives in needs repairing. ( where he lives 或 that he lives in)

b) I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing. ( the day when 或 the day on which)

5. 在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用关系代词或关系副词

I still remember the day when we spent together. (that / which)

This is the house where we lived in last year. (that /which)

6. 在先行词reason 后错用关系副词why

I don’t believe the reason why he has given for his being late. (that /which)

7. 主句不完整,首先要补充完整

This factory is ∧ that I worked in. (the one )

8. what 引导的名词性从句做主语,宾语,表语

That can be done has already been done. (what)

9. 误将强调句型当定语从句

I was in the kitchen where the fire broke out. (that)

Correct the mistakes

1. This is the last lesson which Mr. Smith taught me.

2. I have read all the books which you lent me.

3. Is there anything else which I can do for you?

4. Tom and his dog which were here a moment ago have disappeared.

5. He lives in the room, the window of that faces the south.

6. Do you still remember the day when we first spent together?

7. He is the only one of the experts who know a little Chinese.

8. Who is the man who shook hands with you just now?

9. Is this museum that they visited yesterday?

10. His father died last year, who made him sad.

11. All what you should do now is to take a good rest.

12. Do you know the teacher whom I think will come to teach us English?.

13. The sun heats the earth, which make it possible for plants to grow.

14. I had never heard such an interesting story like he told.

15. People who has eyes can sometimes act just as foolishly as the blind men.

经典例析

典型例题分析

高考题

1．All ____ is needed is a supply of oil. ( ’89 )

A. the thing B. that C. what D. which

点拨：本题考查引导定语从句的关系词，what只能用于名词性从句，因此A/D可以排除，又因先行词为不定代词all，所以答案为B。

2．He paid the boys $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at

least a year. ( ’90 )

A. these B. those C. that D. which

点拨：本题考查非限制性定语从句。从句子结构上看，两句之间用的是逗号，无连词连接，故确定为从属句，介词后面的关系代词代物，只能用which，答案为D。

3．In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help. ( ’92 )

A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom

点拨：本题考查定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法。根据句意“向某人求助”是turn to

sb. for help，其中介词to可提前，故答案为D。本句也可以如下表达：In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person (who/whom/that) she could turn to for help.)

4．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the

others unhappy. ( 2000 )

A .who B. which C. this D. what

点拨：本题考查非限制性定语从句指代整个句子的用法，意为“老是自赞她在剧中表演

的角色，这件事当然令他人不快。”指代前面所说的整句话，用which。故答案为B。从句中插入of course增加了考测难度，解题时可先把它忽略。

易混题(1)

5．①John is the only one of the students who ____ French．

②John is one of the students who ____ French．

A．know B．knows C．knowing D．known

点拨：答案是①B②A。在句①中的句意是“约翰是学生中唯一懂法语的那个学生”，其重心是the only one故从句谓语动词应与one一致。在句②中的句意是“约翰是懂法语的学生中的一个”，也就是“懂法语的学生不止一个，约翰只是其中之一”，其重心是the students，故从句中谓语动词应与students一致。

6．①This is the knife ____ I usually cut my pencil．

②This is the knife ____ I usually use to cut my pencil．

A．with which B．which C．by which D．with that

点拨：答案是①A②B。在句①中，定语从句的句式是cut my pencil with the knife，故用with which引导定语从句。在句②中，定语从句的结构是use the knife to cut my pencil，故用which引导定语从句。

7．①Who lives in the house ____ windows face south？

② Who lives in the house ____ the windows face south？

A．whose B．which C．of which D．that

点拨：答案是①A②C。在句①中windows前没有定冠词，它所缺的是定语形容词，而whose的用法就是在定语从句中作定语且既可指人也可指物。在句②中windows前有定冠词，所以要填的内容不能作前置定语，又因为“房子的窗户”用英语表达是“the windows of the house”，故可用of which引导定语从句。

8．①Is this factory ____ you visited last year？

②Is this the factory ____ you visited last year？

A．that B．of which C．the one D．where

点拨：答案是①C②A。在句①中factory前没有定冠词，这说明this是作它的定语。这样，句中就缺少表语，也就是说定语从句缺少先行词，故选C（the one后省略了that）。在句②中this作主语，the factory作表语，其后带一个that引导的定语从句，故选A。

9．①When I have trouble，he is the only one ____I can ask for help．

②When I have trouble，he is the only one ____ I can go for help．

A．whom B．to whom C．which D．to who

点拨：答案是①A②B。句①中，在结构上所要添的内容在从句中作ask的宾语其句式是ask sb．for sth．，故用whom引导定语从句。在句②中，go是不及物动词其句式是go to sb．for sth．，故用to whom引导定语从句。

10．①The reason ____ he gave us was that his car broke down on the way．

②The reason ____he was late was that his car broke down on the way．

A．for which B．which C．how D．what

点拨：答案是①B②A。在句①中，所要填的内容在定语从句中应作gave的宾语，故应填关系代词which。在句②中，所要填的内容在定语从句中作原因状语，故应填关系副词for which(=why)。

易混题(2)

一．定语从句与并列句（注意用标点符号和连接词and, but等来区别。）

1.Mr Li has three daughters, none of________ is an engineer.

2.Mr Li has three daughters, but none of__________ is a dancer.

3.Mr Li has three daughters; __________ are doctors.

答案：1.whom 2. them 3. None/They

二. 定语从句与地点状语从句（看是否有先行词，如果有，就是定语从句，如果没有，就是状语从句）

1.Rice doesn’t grow well _____ there is not enough water.

2.I still remember the farm_____ my parents worked ten years ago.

答案：1.where 2. where/on which

对比下面两个句子：

He left the key where he had been an hour ago.

He left the place where he lived for many years.

练习：The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands

the famous tower.

A. that B. where C. which D. there

答案: B.

三. 定语从句与强调句

强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子，也就是说，强调句型中去掉It be… that后，句子仍然通顺，意义也依然完整，只是没有那么强调突出。而定语从句去掉了It be… that后句子就不完整了。

1. It is on the morning of May 1st _____ I met John at the airport.

It is the morning of May 1st _____ I met John at the airport.

2. It is in the factory _______John works.

It is the factory _______John works.

练习：3.It was 5 o’clock in the morning _____he arrived home.

答案:1. that ,when 2.that, where 3. where

四. 定语从句与结果状语从句

在定语从句中，若先行词被such 修饰时，关系词要用as, 组成such…as结构.这个结构与状语从句such…that…（如此…以致…）很相似，要注意区别。若从句中的及物动词后无宾语，就是定语从句， 用such…as.否则就是状语从句，用such…that.

1.I have the same computer _____you have. ( as)

2. She is such a kind girl _____all of us like to make friends with her. (that)

对比下面两个句子：

He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect.

He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him.

练习：It is such a good place _____everybody wants to visit _____it is well-known all over the world. ( C)

A. which; that B. as ; as C. as ;that D. that; as

五. 定语从句与习惯句型.

注意固定句型：It is the first/second/third time that+ 从句（从句用现在完成时）

1.It is the first time ______she has been in Shanghai.

2.It was the time _______Chinese people had a hard life.

答案: 1.that 2.when

六. 定语从句与单句（注意标点符号。两个单句间用句号， 而定语从句两个句子间用逗号。）

1.The mother told the lazy boy to work, ____didn’t help

2.The mother told the lazy boy to work. _____didn’t help.

练习：3.There are 56 students in our class, most of ____are girls.

A. which B. whom C. them D. that

答案: 1. which 2. It 3. B

七. 定语从句与名词从句

1。定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

首先看引导从句的关系词that是否在从句中充当句子成分。如果在从句中充当主、宾、表，则是定语从句。再看that前的名词是否是一些需要有内容的名词，如：idea, fact, thought, news等。后面的从句是说明其内容的，（这个名词在后面的从句中部充当任何成分），这个从句则是同位语从句

2。强调句型与主语从句的区别：强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子，也就是说，强调句型中去掉It be… that后，句子仍然通顺，意义也依然完整，只是没有那么强调突出。而含主语从句的复合句中的it是指示代词，后面多为系表结构或被动语态。如果去掉It be…that，句子就不通顺了。

1.The news ______came from the front was true.

2.The news ______he won the game was true.

3.She was not ______she used to be.

4.The city is no longer a place _____ it used to be.

5._____ is known to us all, paper was first made in China.

6._____ is known to us all that paper was first made in China.

7. She was not the woman ______she used to be.

The city is no longer _____it used to be.

答案: 1. that/which 2. that 3. what 4.that 5. As 6. It 7. that, what

定语从句专项练习

1．The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.（全国03 2004 .28）

A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which

2. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. （北京，2004.26）

A. the real name B. what his real name

C. his real name D. whose real name

3. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. （北京2004.34） A. It B. As C. That D. What

4．There was time I hated to go to school .（湖北2004.23）

A．a; that B．a; when C．the; that D．the ; when

5．There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high .（湖北2004. 25） A．the larger B．the larger of them

C．the larger one that D．the larger of which

6．What surprised me was not what he said but he said it . （湖南2004 29） A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which

7. Playing tricks on others is _____ we should never do. (湖南2004 21)

A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing

8. I work in a business _________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.（湖南2004 23） A. how B. which C. where D. that

9. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. （江苏2004 33 ）

A. Which B. When C. What D. As

10．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% are sold abroad .（全国 2004 35）

A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that

11. The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.（全国2004 23）

A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

12. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

13. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom

14．—Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one you know I use

英语语法定语从句知识点：关系代词和关系副词

定语从句是中学英语学习的主要语法内容之一，也是高考英语的常考知识点。在历年的高考试题中，相对集中地考查了非限定性定语从句、关系代（副）词的用法、语义重复、主谓一致及“介词＋which（whom）”等有关定语从句的知识。下面以近十年来全国及上海高考题为例，谈谈定语从句的主要考点及其热点问题。

一、非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点，99年和2000年都有这类考题。

1．引导非限定性定语从句时，只能用 which（不用that）。例如（MET91）：

She heard the terrible noise ，____ brought her heart into her mouth．

A．it B．which C．this D．that

答案是B，which指代前面的先行词 noise，引导非限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

2．有时引导词which可以指前面整个句子的含义。例如（NMET2000）：

Dorothy was always spe aking highly of her role in the play，____ ，of course ， made the others unhappy．

A．who B．which C．this D．what（Key：B）

3．除which外，还可用when，where ， who（m）等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。例如：

Finally I decided to stay in Chong qing， where I finished my college study．

4．在限定性定语从句中作宾语时，引导词可以省略，但引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省。例如：

He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother，whom he loved as his own mother．

5．置于句首时，非限定性定语从句只能用as引导，而置于句末时as和which都可用。例如（上海高考题94）：

____ is known to all，China will be an ____ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years'time ．

A．That；advancing B．This ；advanced C．As；advanced D．It；advancing

答案是C。但是当非限定性定语从句是否定意义时，只能用which引导。例如（NM ET94）：

The weather turned out to be very good，was more than we could expect．

A．what B．which C．that D．if

答案是B，句中的more than的本意为“超过”，“超过了我的预料”即为“我没有预料到”。这里不能用as代替which。

二、先行词是表地点或时间的名词时，引导词的选择。例如（NMET96）：

After living in Paris for 50years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child．

A．which B．where C．that D．when

答案是B，因为表地点的先行词the small town在从句中作状语；当表地点的先行词在从句中作主、宾、表语时，则要用that或which引导定语从句。例如：

①I visited the country which ／that had been bombed by the US-led NATO（美国为首的北约）a month before ．

②I shall never forget the years ____ I lived in the countryside with the farmers ，____ has a great effect on my life ．（上海高考题94）

A．that；which B．when；which C．which；that D．when；who（Ke y：B）

③I'll never forget the ye ars that ／which I spent with my cousin in Australia．

先行词the years在第②句中作时间状语，在第③句中作spe nt的宾语，此时引导词 that ／which可省略。

三、“介词＋关系代词（which ／whom）”引导的定语从句。例如（上海高考题95）：

In the office I neve r seem to have time until after 5：30 pm ____ ，many people have gone home ．

A．whose time B．that C．on which D．by which time

答案是D，by which time即by“after 5：30”“到五点三十分以后”。介词的选择，取决于这个介词与先行词或从句之间的关系。又如：

Lei Feng ，from whom we have once learned a lot，is now an example to the soldiers of West Point Military School（西点军校）of America．

关系代词前的介词from，与从句的谓语动词le arn构成习惯表达le arn from（向……学习）。

四、语义的重复。例如（上海高考题98）：

He made another wonderful discovery，____ of great importance to science ．

A．which I think is B．which I think it is C．which I think it D．I think is

答案是A。选项B重复了宾语it，因为关系代词which是think的逻辑宾语；此外，引导非限定性定语从句的连词不能省略，故选项D也不对。

五、“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句与 who ／whom引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时的区别。试比较：

It was a matter of ____ would take the position．（上海高考题96）

A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever

Kennedy and Johnson，both of were murde red in their terms，once coworked as president and vice -president．

A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever

答案分别为A和C。前者是宾语从句， who引导的整个宾语从句作介词of的宾语，同时who在从句中作主语，所以不能用 whom引导。后者是定语从句，whom作介词 of的宾语（所以不能用who引导），构成介、宾结构，作both的定语，而both才是定语从句的主语。

六、定语从句中的主谓一致问题。试比较：

The Oscar is the only one of the film prizes ____ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．

The Oscar is one of the film prizes ____ offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far．

A．which is on B．that have not been C．that has not D．that has not been

答案分别是D和B。前一例的先行词是 the only one，且指代它的引导词在从句中作主语，故从句的谓语动词必须用单数；又因先行词one被only修饰，所以只能用that引导。当one没有被the only或the very等修饰时，则介词of后面的the film prize s是先行词，从句中的谓语动词就必须用复数，而且引导词既可用that也可用which（第二例）。总之，当引导词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式应该与该主语保持一致。 宾语从句在剧中作及物动词或介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词that, whether, if,代词who, whose, what, which, 副词when, where, how, why等。1． 作动词的宾语u 由that 引导的宾语从句（that通常可以省略）如：I heard that he joined the army. u 由what, whether, if 引导的宾语从句She didn’t know what had happened.I wonder whether you can change this note for me.u 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句She told me that she would accept my invitation.2． 作介词的宾语Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3． 作形容词的宾语I’m afraid that I’ve made a mistake. that 引导的从句场跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, contend等4． It 作为形式宾语We heard it that she would get married next month. I think it necessary that we ask for our teacher’s advice on how to do this project. 5． 否定转移I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不合适你穿。6．在表示“命令、建议、请求”等动词，（suggest, recommend, insist, request等）后的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，即should+ 动词原形。He suggested that we (should) make a decision as early as possible.

高考英语定语从句怎么学?

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　根据关系词在定语从句中的不同用法，可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词主要有who, whom, which, that, whose等，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等;关系副词主要有when, where, why等，在定语从句中作状语。具体用法如下：

　一、关系代词的用法

　当先行词指人时，若它在从句中作主语，则用who;若它在从句作宾语，则用whom或who;若它在从句中作定语，则用whose。如：

　The man who told me this refused to tell me his name.

　告诉我这事的人不肯告诉我他的名字。

　The woman whose umbrella you took is very angry about it.

　你拿了那个女人的伞，她非常生气。

　当先行词指物时，若在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用which;若它在定语从句中作定语用，则用of which或whose。如：

　I saw something in the paper which might interest you.

　我在报上看到一样可能使你感兴趣的东西。

　He’s written a book the name of which (whose name) I’ve forgotten.

　他写了一本书，书名我给忘了。

　二、关系副词的用法

　关系副词主要有when, where, why等，在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、在点和原因。when主要放在time, day, years, season, age, occasion等时间的名词后;where主要放在place, city, town, village, house等地点名词后;why则通常只放在reason后。如：

　Wednesday is the day when the shops are not open in the afternoon.

　星期三下午商店不开门。

　Give me one reason why we should help you.

　给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。

　要特别注意，activity, case, point, even, situation, job, organization, position等抽象名词后接where引导定语从句的用法(这是近几年高考的一个新热点)。如：

　I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day.

　我不想找一份整天坐办公桌前的工作。

　Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.

　今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。

　The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.

　治疗将会持续到病人可以正常且安全地行走。

　If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it.

　你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。

　一. 定语从句的概念

　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

　二. 引导定语从句的关系词

　引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

　三. 定语从句的'分类

　根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

　四. 关系代词的用法

　1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

　Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.

　玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)

　The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.

　我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)

　2.which用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

　The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.

　位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)

　The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.

　我们昨天晚上看的那部**很好看。(作宾语)

　3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如：

　The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.

　经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)

　Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?

　正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)

　注意：

　(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，whom，that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用?介词+which/whom?结构。例如：

　This is the house in which we lived last year.

　这是我们去年居住的房子。

　Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

　(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

　This is the person whom you are looking for.

　这就是你要找的那个人。

　(3)that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

　The city that she lives in is very far away.

　她居住的城市非常远。

　(4)关系词只能用that的情况：

　a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　He was the first person that passed the exam.

　他是第一个通过考试的人。

　b. 被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词指物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?

　你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

　c. 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　This is the same bike that I lost.

　这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

　d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：

　I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

　我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

　e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

　Who is the girl that is crying?

　正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?

　f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which，例如：

　There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.

　桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

　(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

　a. 先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：

　What?s that which is under the desk?

　在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

　b. 关系代词前有介词时，which，而不用that.例如：

　This is the room in which he lives.

　这是他居住的房间。

　c. 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指事物时，用which， 而不用that，例如：

　Tom came back， which made us happy.

　汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

　五. 关系副词的用法

　1. when指时间，其先行词表示时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如：

　This was the time when he arrived.

　这是他到达的时间。

　2. where指地点，其先行词表示地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如：

　This is place where he works.

　这是他工作的地点。

　3. why 指原因，其先行词是原因，why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如：

　Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.

　没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

　好啦，关于定语从句，你学会了吗?