高考英语动词短语真题,高考英语动词短语

下面为同学们归纳了18个高考英语经常考查的用于构成短语动词的常用动词，同时还为同学们整理出了由这些常用动词所构成的热点短语动词考点。记住它们，并在做题时结合语境灵活地理解它们，在做短语动词考题时就不会再丢分了。

1. break

break away (from) 突然逃离；断绝往来，脱离；改掉，破除

break down (机器等)坏了；(计划等)失败；(谈话等)中断；(健康等)变坏；感情失去控制

break in 突然进来，强行进入；插嘴，打岔；训练，使适应

break into 强行进入；突然…起来；打断，插嘴；占用时间

break off 停止讲话；暂停，休息；(使)折断

break out (火灾、战争等)突然发生，爆发

break through 突破；克服，征服；强行穿过；(太阳等)从云层里出来

break up 解散，驱散；(学校等)放假；结束，破裂；击碎；绝交

break with 与…绝交，与…决裂

2. bring

bring about 引起，实现，导致

bring (a)round 使改变观点或看法；使苏醒；顺便把某人带来串门

bring back 送还；使想起，使恢复

bring down 击落；打死，打伤；使倒下；降低

bring forth 产生，引起，结果

bring in 收获；获利；介绍，引进；聘请；逮捕

bring off 从船上救出；设法做成

bring on 带来，引起；促使生长；帮助提高

bring out 取出，拿出；显示出，使出来；出版

bring over 说服，使改变(思想等)

bring through 使度过(困难，危机等)

bring together 使和解

bring up 提出，提起；抚养，培养；呕吐

3. call

call at (车船等)停靠；到(某地)拜访

call away 叫走，叫开；转移(注意力等)

call back 唤回，叫回；回电话，再打电话

call for 喊(某人)来，喊人取来(某物)；来或去取(某物)，来或去接(某人)；需要，要求

call in 叫进，请进；找来，请来；来访

call off 叫走，转移开；取消，不举行

call on [upon] 拜访，看望

call out 大声叫(喊)；叫出去；召唤，请来，调去

call up (给…)打电话；想起，回忆起

4. come

come about (某情况)发生

come across 被理解(不及物)；给予印象(不及物)；(偶然)发现或遇见

come along 一道去；赶快

come for 来取，来拿，来找

come on 跟着来，快点，来吧

come out 出来，出现，开花

come over 来访，来玩

come to 来到，来参加；合计；有意义，有价值；苏醒；谈到，说到

5. cut

cut down 砍倒；削减，压缩，缩减

cut in 插入，插话；插队，超车

cut off 切断，隔断，断绝

cut out 剪成，戒掉

cut up 切碎；抨击；歼灭

6. die

die away (声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱

die down (慢慢)熄灭，平静下来

die off 一个一个地死去

die out (家族、习俗、观念等)灭绝，绝迹

7. fix

fix on 选定，确定，决定

fix sb up with 为某人安排或提供

fix up 决定，安排；清理，修理，整理

8. get

get about [around] 到处走动，旅行；传播，流传

get along 离开；相处；进展

get away 离开，逃离；逃避责罚，免受处罚

get back 返回；取回

get down 下来，取下，放下，写下，打下，吞下

get down to 开始做，认真处理

get in 进站，到达；请来；插话；收获

get off 起飞，动身，出发；下班，下车；从轻处罚，被放过

get on 上车；进行，进展；相处

get out 出来，出去，离开；拿出，取出；出版，发表；泄漏，传出

get out of 逃避，躲掉；使说出；放弃，戒除

get over 走过，越过，渡过；克服，战胜；恢复，痊愈

get through 做完，用完，吃完；通过(考试)，接通(电话)，度过(时间)

get together 聚会，联欢

get up 起床，起身；打扮；举办

9. give

give away 分发，赠送；背弃；暴露

give in 上交；让步，投降

give off 发出(光、热、声音、气味等)

give out 分发，散发；用完；垮掉；失灵，出故障；发表；发出(热、声音等

give up 放弃，戒掉；交出，让出；投降，认输

10. go

go away 离开；消失；变淡

go back 返回；追溯；重操旧业；改变主意

go by (时)消逝；依…办；根据…判断

go on (时)消逝；继续；上场；发生；(灯)亮

go over 检查；复习；转至；使…干净；反应(如何)

go out (灯)熄；不流行

11. look

look after 照顾(某人)；看管(某事物)

look around 环顾四周

look at 看；看待；看得上；检查；考虑

look for 寻找；寻求；期待

look into 调查；窥视

look on 旁观

look out 小心；留意；找出

look up 仰视；好转；查寻；探望

12. make

make for 走向；有助于；促进

make out 理解；看清，(勉强)辨认出；填写；假装

make up 构成，组成；编写，编辑；编造；和解；弥补；化妆；凑足；准备好

13. pick

pick out 选择；找出

pick up 捡起；收拾，整理；学会，获得；(用车)来接，去取；改善；继续；感染(疾病等)

14. put

put away 收拾；放弃，打消；存蓄

put down 放下，写下，使下车；镇压，击败

put off 推迟；推脱；使不高兴

put on 穿，戴；上演，装(样子)；开(灯等)；增加

put out 扑灭，使熄灭；生产；公布，发表；打扰，使不高兴

put up 举起，架起，撑起；盖起，修建；张贴，挂；住宿，留宿

15. see

see about 负责处理(安排)

see off 为…送行。如：

see out 送某人出门；度过(熬过)；进行到底

see through 看穿，识破；帮助度过(困难等)；进行到底

16. set

set about 开始，着手

set against 使敌视，使对立

set apart 使与众不同；留出，拨出(时间、金钱等)

set aside 留出，拨出(时间、金钱等)；把…置于一旁，不理会

set back 推迟，耽搁；使花费

set down 写下，记下

set in 开始，来临

set off 出发，启程；导致，引起；使运转，使爆炸

set on [upon] 袭击，攻击

set out 动身，起程；开始，着手；摆放，摆设；陈述，解释

set up 创办，成立，建立；竖立，架起；组织，计划，安排；创下(纪录)；开业，开始经商；安装

17. take

take away 拿走，带走；消除(病痛等)；减去

take down 取下；记下；拆掉；吞下；病倒

take out 拔掉；切除；带(某人)出去；获得

take off 脱掉(衣)；(飞机)起飞；(突然)离去；受欢迎

take up 占去；占据；以…作为爱好或消遣；从事；改短(衣物)；吸收

18. turn

turn into 拐入；进入；(使)变成；(使)成为

turn off 关掉；使厌烦；转入另一条路；不注意

turn on 打开(收音机，电视机等)；展示；取决；进攻；以…为议题

turn over 翻转；反复考虑；营业额达到；移交

turn to 翻到；求助于；转向；积极行动

turn up 将音量调大；找到；发现；出现

turn down 调小音量；拒绝

turn out 结果是；证明是；露面

高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

一、接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词和短语

在下列8个动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：

remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过)

forget to do(忘记去做) forget doing(忘记做过)

regret to do (遗憾地做) regret doing(后悔做了)

try to do(设法做) try doing(试做)

go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事)

mean to do(打算做) mean doing(意味着)

stop to do(停下来去做) stop doing(停止做)

can’t help to do(不能帮助做) can’t help doing(情不自禁做)

1. —You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.

—Well, now I regret ________ that. (全国卷)

A. to do B. to be doing

C. to have done D. having done

分析答案选D。由语境可知“我”“后悔”在会上提出异议，应接动名词。

2. —The light in the office is still on.

—Oh，I forgot ________. (全国卷)

A. turning it off B. turn it off

C. to turn it off D. having turned it off

分析答案选C。表示忘记做某事，事情还没做，forget后接不定式。

3. In some parts of London, missing a bus means ________ for another hour. (上海卷)

A. waiting B. to wait

C. wait D. to be waiting

分析答案选A。由语境可知句中的mean表示“意味着”，后接不定式。

4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped ________ on a big rock by the side of the path. (全国卷)

A. to have rested B. resting

C. to rest D. rest

分析答案选C。休息是停下来的目的，且发生在stop之后，用接不定式的一般式。

5. Go on ________ the other exercise after you have finished this one. (全国卷)

A. to do B. doing

C. with D. to be doing

分析答案选A。表示做完一事后“接着做”另一事，go on后接不定式。

二、表示未成实现的愿望或打算的动词和短语

表示未曾实现的愿望或打算，即表示“本打算 / 想 / 希望做某事”但事实上却没做的事情，用plan, intend, mean; want, hope, wish, expect等动词的过去完成时，加不定式的一般式，或者这类动词的一般过去时，加不定式的完成式；was / were, would / should like加不定式的完成式；was / were going加不定式的一般式。如：

I would love ________ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (全国卷)

A. to go B. to have gone

C. going D. having gone

分析答案选B。由句意可知，是表示过去未曾实现的期望，用“would love+不定式完成式”。句意是：昨晚我本想去参加聚会的，但是…(from www.nmet168.com)

三、要接动名词的含有介词的常用句型

在介词后一般用动名词，下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略)：prevent / stop / keep sb. / sth. from doing (阻止…做…)；spend / waste time or money in doing (在做…方面花费 / 浪费时间或金钱)；How / What about doing sth. (做…怎么样？)；have some difficulty / trouble in doing (在做…方面有些困难)；have a hard time in doing sth. (做某事很艰难); there is no sense in doing(做…是没有理由 / 道理的)；thank (excuse / admire / praise / blame / scold / punish) sb. for doing sth. (因做某事而感谢 / 羡慕 / 表扬 / 责备某人)等。如：

1. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam. (福建卷)

A. pass B. to pass

C. passed D. passing

分析答案选D。因为have a hard time (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难。

2. According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ________ TV. (上海卷)

A. to watch B. to watching

C. watching D. watch

分析答案选C。spend some time (in) doing sth. 做某事花了多长时间。

3. I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing ________ again. (全国卷)

A. to happen B. from happening

C. happened D. happen

分析答案选B。prevent sb. / sth. from doing 阻止…做…。

4. Did you have trouble ________ the post office? (全国卷)

A. to have found B. with finding

C. to find D. in finding

分析答案选D。have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 在做方面有困难。

四、to是介词的常用固定结构

to是介词和固定词组很多，常见的有：look forward to(盼望), devote…to / be devoted to(致力于), be / get used to(习惯), lead to(导致), get down to(开始认真), pay attention to(注意), refer to(谈到), point to(指向), turn to(转向), object to(反对), equal to(等于、能胜任), belong to(属于)等。如：

1. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ some schools for poor children. (上海卷)

A. set up B. setting up

C. have set up D. having set up

分析答案选B。devote…to…中to是介词，接动名词；all是devote的宾语，he had是省略了关系代词that的定语从句。

2. The discovery of new evidence led to ________. (上海卷)

A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught

分析答案选C。lead to中的to是介词，后接动名词；逻辑主语the thief与catch是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式(from www.nmet168.com)。

3. She looks forward every spring to ________ the flower-lined garden. (上海卷)

A. visit B. paying a visit

C. walk in D. walking in

分析答案选D。look forward to中to是介词，后接动名词。再说，若visit用作名词，后面要加介词to，才可接宾语，排除A和B；walk作名词，表示散步，仅用于go for / take / have a walk等结构，排除C。