江苏高考英语语法-江苏高考英语语法填空命题技巧

1.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-英语“方位”表示法

2.英语句子中有一句…were and are…连用，这是什么语法，怎么用？

3.英语成绩很差怎么办，还有这句话怎么改

4.紧急 求高一英语语法

5.跪求初中到高中的语法填空题的规律，要实用的

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-英语“方位”表示法

《高中英语语法-英语“方位”表示法》由liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

英语?方位?表示法

英语方位表示法为数不少，但容易混淆。特别是几 个介词的用法常常令自学者无所适从。有时 ?一字之 差? 就可能 ?失之千里?。为此，笔者拟用比较的方式以east为例介绍一些常见的方位表示法。

（一）in the east 与 on the east的区别

1．in the east表示我们生活中和地理位置上的绝对方向。如：

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

太阳从东边升起，从西边落下。

The Great Wall begins in the east from the Shanghaiguan Pass and ends at the Jiayuguan Pass in the west.

长城东起山海关，西至嘉峪关。

2．on the east表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向。这里的方向是相对而言的。如：

China faces the Pacific on the east.

中国东临太平洋。

The United States faces the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the west.

美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋。

（二） in （to，on，at） the east of

1．要表示A在B的东部，即：A在B的范围之内时就用?A is in the east of B?，如：

Japan is in the east of Asia.日本在亚洲东部。

Italy is in the south of Europe.意大利在欧洲南部。

2．如果A在B的东方，即：A在B的范围之外，且相隔有一定的距离，就用?A lies to the east of B?。口语中有时可将to the省去。如：

Japan lies （to the） east of China.日本位于中国东方。

France lies （to the） east of England.法国位于英国东方。

3．如果A在B的东边（侧），即：A与B相邻接。就用?A is on the east of B?。如：

Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.广东在湖南南边。

Shangdong is on the north of Jiangsu.山东在江苏北边。

4．如果把方位词当作一个整体看，或是看成一点，就用?A is at the east of B? 如：There was a big

battle at the north of the Liaodong Peninsula.

在辽东半岛的北边有一场大战。

5．如果要表示?A位于B东面100公里处?时我们既可以说?A lies l00km to the east of B?，也可以说?A lies 100km east of B?。 后者在美国口语中更为常见。如：

The plane crashed 30 miles south of the city.飞机在离城南30英里处坠毁。

Suzhou lies 50 miles to the west of Shanghai.苏州位于上海西面50英里处。

（三） 汉语里?东南西北?的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north，south，east，west；并由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异。

东南方：southeast 西南方：southwest

西北方：northwest 东北方：northeast

如：十三陵位于北京西北50公里处。

The Ming Tombs are located about 50 km to the northwest of Beijing.

天津位于北京东南120公里处。

Tiajin is situated l20 km southeast of Beijing.

（四）要表示方位的?偏向?时通常用by

正东偏北： east by north

正南偏西： south by west

正北偏东： north by east

正南偏东： south by east

如：We are sailing in the direction of east by north.我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。

The island lies south by east from here.那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向。

搜狐教育社区 《高中英语语法-英语“方位”表示法》由liuxue86.com我整理

英语句子中有一句…were and are…连用，这是什么语法，怎么用？

were是过去式，实际运用意思表示过去的曾经的，are是表示现在是

比如：假设你18岁去nba打球，而我17岁就去nba打球了，你跟我说i am the youngest player of nba，我听了后说 you were the youngest player ，表示你曾经是最年轻的球员，今天已经不是了。

所以were and are，我猜想表示的意思不仅是过去如何如何，今天依然要如何如何。

英语成绩很差怎么办，还有这句话怎么改

goes改为went。last month是过去的时间，句子中动词要用过去式。

英语要说好，不一定考试好就英语好。

但是英语好的人考试绝不会差。

英语和学习母语一样，江苏高考160分，文科生200.学了这么多年的语文，但是全省的语文平均成绩基本在80~90.也就是说得一半分左右。

好言归正传，英语学习，你肯定得需要花时间，而且非常多，特别是底子薄的学生，那时间是少不了的，

前期的英语是掌握单词，这个只是考试应付式的，大学生英语过四六级的，很少能将掌握的英语单词用起来，像说母语一样不假思索的说出来，写出来，都要想会儿才能写出，这就不是你掌握的词汇，这些词汇在脑海中，是的，没有激活。

当然鉴于你的提问，你现在最主要还是花时间了，你也许会说，花了没用，再不然看不懂学不会。

那么我想问你语文你是一开始就会的吗？只是周围的人都在说汉语，你没有压力的感觉所以你自然从模仿开始

英语也是一样，第一信心要有，第二时间。考试不排除技巧，其他什么方法都是时间的问题，再不然就是乱扯一通。

紧急 求高一英语语法

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用,去掉后主句意义就变得不明确,它与主句之间没有逗号分隔。例如：

This is a shop that sells personal computers.

The watch that I bought yesterday works well.

非限制性定语从句与主句之间的关系相对松散一些,它对先行词起补充说明作用,去掉后不影响主句意义。因此,一些具有区别意义的专有名词及一些表示“唯一”概念的人或物后面常用此类从句。这类从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。例如：

We are all proud of the Great Wall, which is one of the man-made wonders of the world.

My father, who is a doctor, often encourages me to work hard.

注意：在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不能省去。

一种特殊的非限制性定语从句

在非限制性定语从句中,有时根据句子意思,常把some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。

He has five children, two of whom are abroad.

3．介词+关系代词的用法

关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,不能用that,也不能省略,常用which或whom。

介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。例如：

The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.

=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.

The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.

=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.

但遇固定词组时,介词一般紧跟词组主体,不作前置。如：

Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for? ( 这里介词for一般不提前,因为look for是固定词组,意为“寻找”,介词for若被提前,单个的look意为“看”,句意不符。)

介词也可结合句意、根据先行词确定,此时介词以前置为佳。

Last night I had a dream in which I became a Nobel Prize winner.

The girl with whom I went to the concert yesterday is my sister.

I need a pen with which I can write a letter.

I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.

4．关系代词的一些特定用法：that与which；that与who

1)指物时,关系代词that和which一般情况下可换用,但以下几种情况下一般用that,不用which：

①先行词是all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代词；或是先行词被all, every, some, any, no, few, little等修饰时：

Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town?

I have read all the books (that) you gave me.

注：当something确指某物或某事时,用that或which都可以,如：

There is something that/which keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安。”

②先行词被形容词最高级或有序数词the first, the second…, the last修饰时：

This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.

The first place (that) we’ll visit is the Great Wall.

③先行词被the only,the very修饰时：

The only thing that matters is to find our way home.

This is the very book (that) I’ve been looking for.

④先行词既有人又有物时：

They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school.

⑤当主句是由who或which引导的特殊问句时,为避免重复,定语从句中常用that：

Who is the man that is standing by the door?

Who that has common sense will do such a thing?

Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday?

Which that you bought just now is for me?

⑥两个定语从句,一个用which一个用that

Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.

2)用which不用that：

①介词后②非限制性定于从句中③两个定语从句,一个用that一个用which

3)当先行词是anyone, those, he, she等代词表“人”时,一般用who而不用that：

但当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,通常用that而不用who：

He is no longer the man that he used to be.

例题精析》》》》》》》》》》》》

1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.

A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were

陷阱容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

分析最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：

(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops.

A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are

(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand”

A. that B. which C. where D. what

陷阱容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

分析最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like.

A. that B. who C. as D. whom

陷阱此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

分析最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：

David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him.

A. that B. who C. as D. whom

请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us.

A. like B. that C. which D. as

4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

陷阱容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。

分析最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：

(1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking.

A. their B. whose C. which D. that

选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。

7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

陷阱容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。

分析正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：

[考题2] . The Science Museum, ____________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.(2008.江苏)

A. which B. what C. that D. where

[点拨]A 本题考查非限制性定语从句，排除B。从句中visit是及物动词，缺少宾语，排除D。这是非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时，应用which而不用that，排除C.。故A项正确。

[考题3]. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.(2008.山东)

A. who B. which C. why D. when

[点拨]D 本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。此题关键是要根据句意判断出是定语从句。句意为：我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。Occasions是先行词，从句成分齐全，排除A, B。所选关系词在定语从句中要做时间状语，故选D。

[考题4]. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.(2008.北京卷)

A. which B. when C. whom D. where

[点拨]D本题考查非限制性定语从句。此题关键是判断定语从句的完整与否。定语从句中reach 是及物动词，但此句是被动语态，从句成分齐全，所以选择关系副词，排除A, C。定语从句先行词是地点，所以排除B。故选D。

[考题5]. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ______ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (2008.江西)

A. where B. when C. who D. which

[点拨]A 本题考查定语从句。此题关键是判断定语从句的先行词为cases，意思是：情况，状态，指物或指地点，关系词在从句中作状语，先行词指地点，用where。

在定语从句中，当先行词为point, case, situation等时，通常用关系副词where引导。

[考题6]. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. (2008.全国卷II)

A. it B. what C. which D. that

[点拨]C本题考查定语从句中稍微偏难的非限制性定语从句。从句的引导词which指代前边整句话的内容。整句话逻辑意思不难得出：“那里的这条道路被证明是非常不错，这，超出我们的想像的。

历年的高考题中，非限制性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点之一，值得我们注意。例：1. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,

_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.(2007年湖南卷)

A．who B．which C．what D．that

2. ______I explained on the phone, you request will be considered at the next meeting.

A．When B．After C．As D．Since

(答案：B ; C)

[考题7]. The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds. (2008.陕西卷)

A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of

C. which the hands of D. the hands of which

[点拨]D本题考查定语从句中稍微偏难题型：

whose + n = the + n + of which / of which + the + n

所以the hands of which = of which the hands = whose hands 答案选D。

例：1. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ____ wanted to buy it. (2007安徽卷)

A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom

2. It is reported that two schools, ______ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (2007四川卷)

A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which

(答案：D ; D )

1．The weather turned out to be very good, ＿＿＿ was more than we could expect．(NMET’94)

A． what B． which C． that D． if

2．All ＿＿＿＿ is needed is a supply of oil． (MET’89)

A． the thing B． that C． what? D． which

3．Finally the thief handed everything ＿＿＿＿ he had stolen to the police． (MET’87)

A． after B． what C． whatever D． that

分析：1－3 BBD ①在非限定性定语从句中只能用which不用能that。如题1。②在下列几种情况下用that不用which：1)先行词为不定代词anything, everything, all, nothing等时。如题2，题3。2) 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。3）先行词被no, the only, very等修饰时。4）先行词既有人又有物时。

“热点”之二：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

典型考题：

1．He paid the boy ＄10 for washing the windows, most of ＿＿＿＿ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year．(MET’90)

A． those B． these C． that D． which

2．In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ＿＿＿＿ she could turn for help．(MET’92)

A． that B． who C． from whomD． to whom

4．In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm, ＿＿＿＿ many people have gone home． (上海’94)

A． whose ?B． that? C． on which? D． by which time

分析：1－4 DDBD 在“（名词、数词、代词＋）介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用whom（指人）和which（指物）。在这种结构中，“介词”的选择可依据下列几点：1）介词和定语从句中的谓语动词是一种习惯搭配。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. ?

“热点”之三：定语从句中的“隔离”现象

典型考题：

1．The film brought the hours back to me ＿＿＿＿ I was taken good care of in that faraway village．(NMET 2001)

A． until B． that C． where D． when

2．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ＿＿＿＿ of course, made the others unhappy． (NMET 2000)

A． who B． which C． this D． what

3．The pen I ＿＿＿＿ I ＿＿＿＿ is on my desk, right under my nose．(NMET’93)

A． think; lost B． thought; had lost

C． think; had lost D． thought; have lost

分析：1－3DBB ①因定语从句过长，为使句子保持平衡，常将定语从句和其所修饰的名词或代词分开。如题1，when引导的定语从句和先行词the hours分开。②在定语从句中使用“插入语”以增加语言的灵活性。如题2中的“of course”为插入语，题3中 的“I thought”为插入语。

易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句

1.定语从句与同位语从句

定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系“……的（名词）”。而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。that在定语从句中作成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。试比较：

1)We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，that从句表示news的内容，that 在从句中不作任何成分)

2)We don’t believe the news that/which he told us yesterday.(定语从句，that 作told 的宾语)

2.定语从句与状语从句。试比较：

1)He left the key where he had been an hour before.

(where引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where)

2)He left the place where he lived for many years.

(where 引导定语从句，修饰the place)

3)He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect.

(as 引导定语从句)

4)He is such a good teacher that we all like him.

(that引导结果状语从句,such…that… “如此…以致…”)

3． 定语从句与主语从句。试比较：

1) As is known to us all, paper was first made in China.

(as 引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首)

2) It is known to us all that paper was first made in China.

(it 做形式主语，代替that 引导的主语从句)

Cf. What is known to us is that paper was first made in China.

4．定语从句与强调结构。试比较：

1)It is the house where I met the young man.

(where 引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语从句中作地点状语)

2)It was in the house that I met the young man.

(本句为强调结构，可还原为I met the young man in the house.)

5．定语从句与并列句。

请分析下列题目并分析：

A．whom B．them?C．they?D．who?

1）Mr Smith has three sons，none of ＿＿＿＿ is a computer expert．?

2）He has three sisters，＿＿＿＿＿ are doctors．?

3）She has three CDs，but none of＿＿＿＿＿ is interesting．?

4）I have many friends，and all of＿＿＿＿＿ are nice and friendly．?

5）Miss Yang has some relatives here；＿＿＿＿ like her very much．

〔答案与简析〕本组题考查定语从句与并列句的区别。第1和2小题是定语从句，正确答案分别是A和D；第3和4小题有并列连词but和and，为并列句，每句只能有一个连接词，故正确答案均为B；第5小题中的前后两部分用分号连接，是两个并列分句，无需连接词，故C项正确。

跪求初中到高中的语法填空题的规律，要实用的

规律1 考查英语语法基础知识 尽管高考英语的单项填空题的考点分布很广，但可以肯定的是，它主要涉及的还是英语语法的基础知识，只有具备一定的语法基础，同时兼顾一定的解题方法和技巧，大部分考题都是可以做出来的。如： 1. Judy is going to marry the sailor she ______ in Rome last year. (2008重庆卷) A. meets B. met C. has met D. would meet 分析B。根据句末的last year可知，空格处应用一般过去时。注：she met in Rome last year为修饰the sailor的定语从句。 2. Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals ______ after an injury? (2008江西卷) A. himself B. him C. itself D. it 分析C。同学们在初中英语中就学过，当主语和宾语指同一个人或事物时，宾语必须要用反身代词，不能用宾格代词。注：heal oneself在此指“自愈”。 规律2 在语境中考查语法运用 近年来高考英语单项填空的一个最大特点就是突出语境考查，即将具体的语法知识置于特定的语境中进行考查，既考查运用语法知识的正确性，同时也考查运用语法知识的得体性。如： 1. I thought you’d be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time. (2008湖南卷) A. but B. or C. so D. for 分析A。比较空格前后两句的意思：前面说“我原以为你听音乐会会迟到的”，后面说“结果我们提前赶到了”。很显然空格处应填一个表转折的连词，这样才符合句子的语境。 2. You ______ be hungry already—you had lunch only two hours ago! (2008浙江卷) A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 分析B。做好此题要注意句子后半部的语境。既然you had lunch only two hours ago（你两个小时前才吃过中饭），所以你现在“不可能”就饿了，所以答案选B。 规律3 综合考查语法基础知识 这里说的综合考查语法知识，指的是一道考题同时考查两个或多个语法点，如将时态考点与语态考点综合，将时态考点与主谓一致考点综合，将非谓语动词考点与并列句考点综合，将复合句考点与简单句考点综合，等等。如： 1. —Did you go to the show last night? —Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ______ invited. (2008陕西卷) A. were B. have been C. has been D. was 分析D。此题既考查时态的用法，同时又考查主语一致。根据问句中的时态和last night这一短语可知，此处谈的是昨晚的事，故应用一般过去时，而不用现在完成时。另外，根据英语语法，当两个或多个名词并列作主语，且受到every的修饰时，其后谓语动词要用单数。故答案选D。 2. —Do you have any problems if you ______ this job? —Well, I’m thinking about the salary... (2008湖南卷) A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered 分析C。此题既考查时态，同时又考查被动语态。由于if引导的是条件状语从句，所以要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态，故可排除B和D；再根据offer sb sth（为某人提供某物）这一句式可知，sb与offer之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态。 规律4 在特定语境中考查边缘知识 这里所说的边缘知识，指的是一般语法上涉及得较少，许多同学在复习中接触较少的知识点。这类考点有的虽然一般语法书讲得较少，但并不意味着它在英语中并不重要。如： 1. When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have ______ for her, but now all her worries are gone. (2008湖北卷) A. in need B. in time C. in preparation D. in store 分析D。in store for是习语，其意为“为……储备着”“等待着……”，如：The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end. 那名赛跑的人为最后的冲刺贮存精力。There’s a surprise in store for you. 你一定会大吃一惊的。 2. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______ her wildest dreams. (2008陕西卷) A. at B. beyond C. within D. upon 分析B。beyond one’s wildest dreams为习语，其意为“远远超出想象或希望”，这可能是许多同学不太熟悉的一个用法，并且它在教材中也没有出现过。又如：The scheme succeeded beyond my wildest dreams. 这个计划超乎异常地成功了。 3. Engines are to machines _______ hearts are to animals. (2006山东卷) A. as B. that C. what D. which 分析C。这是一个比较难的考题，就算是放到大学四、六级考试中也绝对算是难题，一般的英语语法书也绝对没有涉及此问题，就是连最新出版的《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》和《朗文当代高级英语辞典》的what词条下也找不到此用法。现分析如：what 在此用作连词，其意为“好比”“犹如”“就像”，用以引导相似状语从句。如：Air is to us what water is to fish. 我们离不开空气，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。Reading is to the mind what food is to the body. 读书与思想的关系就好比食物与健康的关系。 规律5 在复杂语境中考查简单知识 有的知识点本来很简单，如果是单独进行考查，一般学生都不会出错，但是如果将其置于一个较复杂的语境中，许多考生就可能受复杂句子结构的影响而选错。如： 1. —Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street? (2008辽宁卷) —Victoria Street? ______ is where the Grand Theatre is. A. Such B. There C. That D. This 分析C。此题考查指示代词that的远指用法，这是同学们在初中就学过的知识了。但是，由于命题者将这个本来很简单的知识点放到了一个比较复杂的对话背景中，分散了同学们对被考查知识点的注意力，所以许多同学在做此题时选错了答案。请再看一个类似的例子：That day we visited an old house. That’s where he spent his last years. 那天我们去参观了一座老房子，那就是他去世前几年他住的地方。这类句式如果改用this，则表近指，如：This is where the river is deepest. 这是河流的最深处。This is where we change from car to bus. 这就是我们从小汽车换乘公共汽车的地方。 2. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day. (2008全国Ⅱ) A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining 分析A。此题考查一般过去时的用法，但试题使用了虚拟语气作为命题背景，且该虚拟语气谈的是过去情况（根据句中的had been和could have had可知），句意为“要是（当时）天气好一点，我们就可以去野餐了”。该虚拟语气的言外之意是“（由于天气不好）我们没有去野餐”。为什么没去呢？but后说的就是其原因：整天都在下雨。这里说的“下雨”，显然指的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时。 规律6 利用思维定势设置干扰项 同学们在对某个知识点或重要句式进行反复操练后，往往会形成一定的思维定势。由于思维定势在很大程度上带有惯性，有时甚至是惰性，所以同学们在做题时若不仔细读题，认真分析，很可能会受此影响，步入误区。如： 1. Nancy enjoyed herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (2008福建卷) A. that B. which C. when D. where 分析C。本题很容易让考生受思维定势的负面影响，见到so马上选择that，殊不知此题考查的是when引导的时间状语从句，句意为：南希去年拜访悉尼的朋友时过得非常开心。如果选A，则句意为：南希玩得如此开心以至于拜访了悉尼的几个朋友。显然，意思不合逻辑。 2. —Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? —Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. (2008宁夏卷) A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined 分析D。许多同学认为since总是要与现在完成时连用的，所以误选了A。其实，本句中since she join the Chinese Society为I have known Dr. Jackson since she joined the Chinese Society之省略。连词since所搭配的时态通常是：主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 3. —They are quiet, aren’t they? —Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals. (2008江苏卷) A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking 分析D。此题设计得很巧妙。有的同学在排除选项B时，同时也会排除选项D，因为它们的结构太相似了。但事实上，正确答案正是D。be accustomed to的意思是“习惯于做……”，其中的to通常被认为是介词，后接名词或动名词，但在现代英语中，其后也可接动词原形，即其中的to被视为不定式符号。照此分析，好像四个答案都可以，但其实只有D最佳。因为根据语境分析(注意其中的are quiet, yes等关键词)，此题应选一个否定式，故可排除A和C。另外，从语法上分析，非谓语动词的否定式总是将not置于非谓语动词之前，所以C应改为not to talk才对；至于D，由于其中的to是介词，其后接动名词talking作宾语，动名词talking的否定式为not talking，所以说to not talking是正确的。 规律7 直接引用词典原句进行命题 近年来，高考英语命题一直有个习惯，就是喜欢从一些原版英语词典上直接引用例句进行命题。这点希望引起同学们的注意。下面请看几个例子： 1. My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy. (2008辽宁卷) A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填; the D. a; the 分析D。go for a walk为固定表达，意为“去散步”；have got the energy意为“有精力”。此题出自Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary的the词条，词典上的原句为：I’d like to go out this evening, but I don’t think I’ve got the energy. 2. —I’d like some more cheese. —Sorry, there’s ______ left. (2008浙江卷) A. some B. none C. a little D. few 分析B。由于cheese不可数，故可排除D；再根据句中的sorry可知，此处应填表否定意义的none。注：此题出自Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary的none词条，词典上的原句为：“I’d like some more cheese.”“I’m sorry there’s none left.” 3. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ______ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2008山东卷) A. though B. for C. but D. so 分析B。for在此表原因。又如：He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法。 注：此题出自Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English的for词条，词典上的原句为：He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail 追问： 没了？ 回答： 没有了， 你可以在“百度”里输入“初中到高中的语法填空题的规律”可以看到。

麻烦采纳，谢谢!